I am intended to isolate bacteria from marine water sample and want to know its salinity.
Hi Namrata,
Pilson (1998, An Introduction to the Chemistry of the Sea, Prentice Hall) describes the precision of three common methods for measuring salinity in water as:
1. hand-held refractometer - 1 part in 70
2. laboratory titration - 1 part in 350
3. modern salinometer - 1 part in 40,000
some relevant links are attached below. Hope you find them helpful.
http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/farm-management/soil-and-water/salinity/measuring-the-salinity-of-water
http://www.osil.co.uk/AboutOSIL/Resources/NewsArticles/tabid/114/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/267/Measuring-Ocean-Salinity-in-the-Laboratory.aspx
https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjMuqyyoKnUAhWMQY8KHb1DAgYQtwIIQDAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DwzhwTnkKWzs&usg=AFQjCNGsMBHq1mRj2onQjHzkqgwbYvJ2JA&sig2=aYfZ3P0feA8euXTDCMpnUA
https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjMuqyyoKnUAhWMQY8KHb1DAgYQFghGMAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fmeasurementofsal00usco%2Fmeasurementofsal00usco_djvu.txt&usg=AFQjCNHEN6l55rpxiNX3-v718SoWVpjy2g&sig2=3Jh044zRyH5pAQicg5h7uw
Here are a couple of web references:
https://www.windows2universe.org/?page=/earth/Water/dissolved_salts.html
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/2009_03_13_estuaries_monitor_chap14.pdf
The Oceans Their Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology (section on salinity)
http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=kt167nb66r&chunk.id=d3_1_ch03&toc.id=ch03&brand=eschol
CTD sensor
http://www.oceannetworks.ca/sites/default/files/pdf/learning/community_observatories/instrument_overivew_CTD_19Aug2014.pdf
http://www.misco.com/Downloads/MISCO-TB-SEAWATER.pdf
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater has a small section on salinity. The entire document is available in many libraries,otherwise it must be purchased from https://www.standardmethods.org/
I believe the latest edition is 22nd Edition, 2012, ISBN: 9780875530130, 1496 pages
Author: E.W. Rice, R.B. Baird, A.D. Eaton, L.S. Clesceri, editors
Publisher: American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation
The international thermodynamic equation of seawater – 2010: Calculation and use of thermodynamic properties
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001881/188170e.pdf
Salinity - it's definition and calculation
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/54855.pdf
Hope this helps!
It's always a contradiction between a "most suitable" and a "most accurate" methods. There are many suitable instruments to measure salinity, but only a few of them are most accurate (and most expensive).
The most suitable method to measure marine salinity is using submersible CTD probes. There are many companies, who manufacture reliable and accurate CTD probes. In my opinion, the most accurate CTD probes are made by:
https://www.seabird.com
https://www.rbr-global.com
The most accurate method to measure seawater salinity is a salinometry - the laboratory measurements of salinity samples. The most accurate salinometer is Autosal 8400B, with accuracy (in a practical salinity equivalent) +/-0.002, manufactured by
https://www.guildline.com
For the salinometry history, methods, instruments, calculators, references, literature etc, I can recommend my informational website: https://www.salinometry.com
Thank you so much, all of you, your suggestions are really very helpful to me. :-)
is there any equation available for the conversion of EC to salinity ? I am working on wetlands
For your objective, you can even use Refractometer for quick measurement of salinity.
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