A particle in a three dimensional volume has three degrees of freedom. So degrees of freedom are bestowed by dimension.

If dimension is fundamental, then how does space time scale? Does it scale like 4 dimensions, or does it scale like 4 degrees of freedom?

Time is not a dimension like the 3 dimensions of a volume, instead moving each point in a volume along a time line. If a 4 tuple qualifies as having 4 degrees of freedom but can only very loosely be described as having 4 dimensions, then would that make degrees of freedom more fundamental than dimension.

If space time is related to cosmogenesis, and energy propelled the universe into existence, then would dimension be a physical aspect of the universe consequent on 4 degrees of freedom?

Which came first physically: dimension or degrees of freedom?

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