Your question is very interesting...................
The process of measurement, feedback, reflection and change. Given the gap in student achievement in math and science in Appalachia, there is a need to provide connections among teachers, students and higher education resources. Distance learning teacher training provides a medium for making these connections. Little research has been conducted in regard to the efficacy of implementing hands-on, inquiry-based science instruction using a distance learning format. While there is a need to assess growth in teachers’ scientific content knowledge, both in the distance learning format and other contexts, few well-designed assessments have been constructed for this purpose. One task of the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded research project,
Assessing How Distance Learning for Teachers Can Enable Inquiry Science in Rural Classrooms1, is to restructure teacher assessments to support the investigation of whether delivery of scientific content through a distance-learning format improves middle school teacher science knowledge.
Kindly see the attachment for your question. It may clearify your doubt I think so.
Methodology is comprehensive process and could not be seperated into blocks. Validation is one item in the process.
Validation is clearly stated in all research methods that no scale could be used without measuring the validation. It is easy to be calculated through using one of many available softwares such as MTB, SPSS and many others