If I intend to conduct a study with an objective of determining the outcomes and associated factors among among patients admitted with x patients. At admission if I took their baseline characteristics and follow them for outcome till hospital discharge. Which study design fits this research and what statistic should I use to determine the effect size?
In its current form it is longitudinal
I suggest to take normal controls and it will be case control
It sounds like a cohort study. you may use Cox regression to determine the power and sample size for your study outcomes.
If you just observing, then this is simply a cross sectional study. In other way, this is just like reviewing their records after been discharged (assuming the records contain all relevant information). It might be better (time and human resource wise) to collect the information later and at "snapshot" as long as you do not intervene at any point during the admission period.
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