I have a collation of molecules with different ADME properties I wanna known which one will be take by which route .
thank you
you need to consider the desired onset of action, inhalation and injections will be much faster than oral route. First pass metabolism should also be considered, since highly hepatic extracted molecules will not yield high bio-availability by oral route.
Dear Bakr,
The following paper answers your question:
Determination of ADME and Bioavailability Following Intravenous, Oral, and Dermal Routes of Exposure. Shakil A. Saghir1,2
Published Online: 1 AUG 2009. DOI: 10.1002/0471140856.tx0508s41
Current Protocols in Toxicology.
herein the paper abstract:
Abstract
Humans are exposed to chemicals either voluntarily or involuntarily through several routes. Therapeutic drugs are introduced into the human system via a number of routes including, but not limited to, oral, inhalation, intravenous (i.v.), topical, and subcutaneous. For occupational and environmental chemicals, the major routes of human exposure are inhalation, dermal, and oral. To determine the extent of exposure to chemicals, the concentration of the active molecules is measured in a biological medium. Determination of absolute and/or relative bioavailability of occupational and environmental chemical exposure through different routes is critical in understanding the risk to the general population of a low-level exposure to these chemicals. This unit describes typical protocol designs to generate data for the calculation of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) and absolute and relative bioavailability of chemicals when exposed through i.v., oral, and dermal routes. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 41:5.8.1-5.8.19. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Keywords: oral ADME; intravenous (IV) ADME; dermal ADME; bioavailability.
Hoping this will be helpful,
Rafik
ADME properties is complex term, I will just let you know about oral dosage. because there is a lot in it. For oral Drug: Absorption;Consider Solubility of drug, PKa of drug, molecular weight of drug, drug lipophilicity, these are properties which lead to absorption of drug. Distribution; Consider passive or active movements to or from the cells, permeability of drug,etc. Metabolism; consider the enzyme , transporter, or binding protein that is involved in specific drug metabolism etc. Excretion; Try to get which process do the drug follow to get excrete ,may be drug majorly excrete through feces,may be by urine excretion. so lot of factors or as you say properties have to look into for the purpose. these are very basic things in it. Hope you might get these and be helpful to you.
There are no such fixed criteria related to PK parameters for each and every drugs. Base on pharmacodynamics and efficacy parameters as well as pilot controlled study of PK evaluation dose of a drug or chemical can be set. for example: To produce efficacious antimicrobial effect in vivo, antibiotics must sutisfy Cmax/MIC and AUC/MIC ratio in case of drug having concentrate dependent killing. Similarly other dug must attained concentration above minimum effective concentration. Duration is also important. Upon change in route of drug administration, PK parameters will be changed and accordingly applicability in a perticular dose level in animals may also changed. The chemistry of a drug molecule also give some hints regards to choice of route of drug administration and disposition in body.
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