1. What do you mean under "closed property"? What operation?
2. If k>2 then a necessary condition for R_k to be a prime is that k is itself a prime (R_d divides R_k if d divides k). This condition is not sufficient: Maple calculations show that R_19 and R_23 are primes but R_p are not primes for prime p1 and d divides k.
For the closed property, if you meant closed for an operation, you can take Rn *Rm=Rn Rm here not multiplication but juxtaposition, so, Rn*Rm =Rn+m : for example R1 *R2 =R3
yes, it is as I said above, among R_3, R_5, ..., R_43 (prime indices) only R_19 and R_23 are also primes. I don't know any sufficient condition for R_p to be a prime (where p is an odd prime).
Yes dear Srinivasan, put the second "word" just next the first one. In French we call it juxtaposition, I think the terminology is the same in English .