Should we consider the cognitive deficit a source of cognitive failure (emergence of error, the failure being the result of the deficit) or are those two terms refering to distinct processes (cognitive and metacognitive, respectively) ?
Thank you in advance.
Dear Samuel,
The difference between the two concepts resides in how anchored they are in the individual.
Cognitive deficits are generally deeply anchored and may be considered as a trait. It is also generally difficult to find strategies for recovery. Take, for example, patients with Alzheimer's disease or schizophrenia; they have cognitive deficits, such as memory impairments or reasoning and problem solving deficits, which are difficult to remediate.
Cognitive failure, on the other hand, relates to a state the person is in, which induces lapses in cognitive function. If persistent, these cognitive failures may lead to cognitive impairment. But they appear to be more malleable than cognitive impairment. For example, a person goes looking for something in a room and suddenly forgets what (s)he was looking for. These lapses are common in the general population, but if they happen too often, they may be of concern for a cognitive deficit.
Maybe Nicole Carrigan and Emma Barkus can help on the matter as they published recently on the matter (see attachment)
Hope that helps!
Linda
Cognitive deficits are generally acquired deficits resulting from some structural loss. Thus it seems to have long term affect on the individual. Congnitive failure on the hand is a strategy failure that means it is relatively transient than cognitive deficits. The impact of cognitive failure can be reduced by strategy training where as cognitive deficits may have long term consequences.
"Failures" are developmental defects, or something that is missing. In this context we can say that a cognitive "failure" is an imperfection in the cognitive processes often associated with development.
"Deficit" is what is lacking quantitatively or qualitatively, or the difference between what is predicted and what actually exists. Also in this context we can say that cognitive "deficit" is a finding of a difference from what was expected to be cognitive response.
Poor performance due to cognitive deficits are a consequence of brain damage (either acquired or congenital) and are permanent. Their effects can sometimes be overcome by training in compensatory techniques during neurorehabilitation.
Poor performance due to cognitive failures are not permanent and are due to transitory states such as fatigue, lack of effort, etc.
Deficits result in failures, but not all failures are due to deficits.
Dear Linda, Dear Pradeep, Dear Farmy, Dear Nigel,
Thank you for your answers which help to distinguish these two concepts in a nuanced fashion.
Best regards,
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