I am curious about the average quality of PhD research proposals, especially those with cancer research as a focus. Any suggestions, guidance, tricks, or words of wisdom?
In my opinion, PhD research proposal should give a chance to prove later that the researcher is independent in choosing appropriate methods, designing proper experiments, analyzing obtained data, and drawing sound conclusions.
Generally, it is good to include several methods in such proposal (exploiting the scientific question from different angles, e.g., by looking at different physical/chemical/biological phenomena; for example, you can test how molecule X changes survival of the cancer cell, and on the other hand you can measure the affinity of the molecule X to specific transcription factors modulating this cancer).
The different issue is that each country can have different law regulating the "quality" of a PhD dissertation, so anyone should consult it wherever he/she is going to start this process.
You should make sure that your research proposal in cancer is created meticulously, if you have to make it more appealing to prospective professors. The panel of experts should get convinced with regards to the significance of your research. The research proposal that you put forward should clearly project that you will be able to justify your research and that you will execute it as per the required standards.
In your introduction you should exemplify your problem which you will be attempting to resolve and emphasize its significance. You should prove to the panel of experts that you have a command on research in your field by providing them with an extensive review of existing literature. The research methodology should be chosen carefully, and you should justify why have you made such a choice so that the reader is convinced.
Effective management of time plays a crucial role, and therefore you should provide a realistic timeframe and the resources that you would require to complete your research. The research question should be very much clear to the panel of experts.
So, before you begin writing the PhD research proposal in cancer you need to have a detailed meeting with your guide to select the topic of research and the research methodology, both of which are of utmost importance. Plan your proposal and create a proper outline before you start writing. Extensive work must be done in reviewing the literature in your domain of research to understand the current gaps. This will help you to choose a unique topic, and you will not end up with a topic that has already being researched.