Ideally you should measure the surface colour of your materials with either a colorimeter or a spectrophotometer and express your tolerance factors in terms of numeric colour difference values, which may be derived using the following steps. Step 1, measure the spectral reflectance of a given pair of samples; step 2 calculate their 3 parameter colour identity co-ordinates using the CIE Standard Observer model; you may then quantify visual differences and tolerance ranges in terms of CIELAB Hue, Lightness Value Chroma (HVC) co-ordinates.
A far simpler and more intuitive approach is to use indicative printed or on screen colour cards. The idea is to place the target colour centrally in each of three H , V and C images and surround it with patches representing your chosen visual difference maxima.