Dear Fatima, I give you some idea that can help you. Firms as organizations of people are a reflection of what their managers and employees are. If we consider that innovation can be both products-services and processes, the role of the manager in an innovative company should encourage both innovation in all its internal processes (how to do things) and in the development of its products in a broad sense (marketing mix) and how to relate with their customers. I do not know innovative companies that are only in products. The leaders in innovation encourage the circulation of information circular and bilateral, that is, it must allow the continuous improvement of processes and products to be promoted and disseminated throughout the whole organization, and that all information flow constantly. In this sense, constructive criticism should be seen as positive whenever it is a question of improving. Finally, if we consider the company in a wide sense, managers must have the ability to interact and detect improvement processes interacting with employees, suppliers, current and future and potential customers.
As the responses show, leadership is about maintaining the right kind of atmosphere that encourages innovation and tolerates mistakes.
a good research question (for respondents) might be to simply ask if such an atmosphere or climate is promoted. Your formal research question is that which you have already asked, how do leaders promote, encourage or deter innovation
leadership encourages development of sustainable partnerships, innovation for value co-creation , information sharing and usage and sustenance of value chain outcomes.
Article Harnessing Creativity and Innovation in the Workplace
suggests that innovation has to do with much more than leadership, however important that may be: the 20 or so components of innovation systems that the article flags have to do with good old-fashioned management.
Notwithstanding, there is no doubt that a supportive organizational culture—the first of the components listed in the article—is vital: in this respect, it is the undeniable responsibility of leaders to foster a working environment that values innovation, where there is encouragement for personnel to think differently, take calculated risks, and challenge the status quo. And so, there is much reason for leadership to pay attention to the artefacts and symbols, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions that Schein has so eloquently written about in relation to corporate culture.
What is the role of leadership in sustaining an innovation culture?
The leader needs to:
be an innovator himself / herself - without this followers will not follow.
always challenge the status quo / current norm of practice in the organization.
invest in processes & tools that encourage innovation e.g. setup research lab, yearly innovation jam (I saw this being practiced in HP & IBM in which during a week in a year, employees are encouraged to contribute & deposit new ideas how to improve company bottom line, top line or give back to society / CSR etc.), setup yearly research / tech conference encouraging employees to demonstrate their R&D or new ideas to do things, helping employees to register their patents etc.
reward innovation-does-matters among employees to encourage them to innovate.
include innovation as part of certain employees' KPI especially those in working in R&D lab.