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TOC (Total Organic Carbon) is a measure of the total amount of organic carbon present in a sample. It includes carbon present in both dissolved and particulate forms. TOC is often used as an indicator of organic pollution and can be quantified using various analytical methods.

Conductivity, on the other hand, measures the ability of a substance to conduct an electric current. It is influenced by the presence of charged ions in a solution and is commonly used as an indicator of the total dissolved solids or the concentration of ions in a sample.

The relationship between TOC and conductivity arises from the fact that organic compounds are typically non-conductive, while inorganic ion species, such as salts, are conductive. Therefore, as the concentration of organic carbon increases in a sample, conductivity tends to decrease. This inverse relationship between TOC and conductivity can be useful in certain applications, such as monitoring water quality or assessing the effectiveness of organic carbon removal methods.

Total carbon (TC) refers to the total amount of carbon, including both organic and inorganic carbon, in a sample. It encompasses carbon present in various chemical forms, such as organic compounds, carbonates, and bicarbonates. On the other hand, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) specifically quantifies the amount of carbon derived from organic sources.

The main difference between TC and TOC lies in the determination of inorganic carbon. TC includes both organic and inorganic carbon, while TOC only includes carbon derived from organic sources. TOC analysis involves removing or excluding any inorganic carbon prior to measurement, typically through acidification or purging, whereas TC analysis includes all carbon species present in a sample.

ZJ

Dr Zbigniew Jonca thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Yes upon storage of purified water TOC and conductivity increase because atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water and increase its TOC and conductivity. Total organic carbon and conductivity are great ways to assess chemical purity and general cleanliness of equipment. In water systems, TOC and conductivity can give important insight into the chemical purity of the water. Like TDS, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) is a non-specific indicator. While TDS largely comes from inorganic sources, TOC measures the contamination of organic sources. In pure scientific terms, conductivity tells you how well electricity is passing through a substance. On the other hand, TDS indicates the amount of dissolved solids within a liquid, accounting for both conductible and non-conductible particles. Total carbon is the sum of three carbon forms; organic, elemental (which is insignificant in most soils) and inorganic (usually carbonates and bicarbonates). The term total carbon is different to total organic carbon, which refers specifically to the organic carbon fraction. Total Inorganic Carbon (TIC or IC): All carbon not covalently bound in organic molecules. Predominately composed of carbonate, bicarbonate, and dissolved carbon dioxide. Total Organic Carbon (TOC): The sum of carbon atoms covalently bonded in organic molecules.

Relation between TOC and conductivity

Total organic carbon (TOC) and conductivity are both measures of the purity of water. TOC measures the amount of organic carbon in water, while conductivity measures the ability of water to conduct electricity.

In general, there is a positive correlation between TOC and conductivity. This is because organic molecules in water often have ions that contribute to conductivity. However, there are some exceptions to this rule. For example, some organic molecules, such as alcohols and ketones, are poor conductors of electricity.

TOC and conductivity are both important parameters to monitor in water quality control. TOC is used to assess the overall cleanliness of water, while conductivity is used to assess the presence of dissolved ions.

Difference between total carbon and total organic carbon

Total carbon (TC) is the total amount of carbon in water, regardless of its form. TOC is a subset of TC that measures the amount of organic carbon in water. Organic carbon is carbon that is bound to hydrogen, such as in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Inorganic carbon is carbon that is not bound to hydrogen, such as in carbon dioxide and bicarbonate.

TOC is a more important parameter to monitor in water quality control than TC. This is because organic carbon can support the growth of microorganisms, which can lead to waterborne diseases. Inorganic carbon, on the other hand, is generally not harmful to human health.

Applications of TOC and conductivity

TOC and conductivity are used in a variety of applications, including:

• Drinking water treatment: TOC and conductivity are used to monitor the quality of drinking water at various stages of the treatment process.
• Pharmaceutical manufacturing: TOC and conductivity are used to monitor the quality of water used in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals.
• Power generation: TOC and conductivity are used to monitor the quality of water used in power generation plants.
• Wastewater treatment: TOC and conductivity are used to monitor the quality of wastewater before it is discharged into the environment.

TOC and conductivity are important tools for ensuring the quality of water for a variety of uses.

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Yes upon storage of purified water TOC and conductivity increase because atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water and increase its TOC and conductivity. Total organic carbon and conductivity are great ways to assess chemical purity and general cleanliness of equipment. In water systems, TOC and conductivity can give important insight into the chemical purity of the water. TOC is to be calculated by measuring Total Inorganic Carbon (TIC) and Total Carbon (TC) and subtracting one from the other. Eutrophication has sometimes been defined as an increase in TOC to an aquatic ecosystem caused by primary productivity, but increased TOC from nutrient pollution can result from sources other than primary productivity. TOC is a measure of the amount of organic matter present in water. High levels of TOC can indicate the presence of pollutants and contaminants, such as pesticides, herbicides, and industrial chemicals. Conductivity inorganic contaminants that are not meant to be present and could cause illness in patients and total organic carbon (TOC) organic material that may encourage microbial growth in water systems. otal organic carbon and conductivity are great ways to assess chemical purity and general cleanliness of equipment. In water systems, TOC and conductivity can give important insight into the chemical purity of the water. Total carbon is the sum of three carbon forms; organic (described above), elemental (which is insignificant in most soils) and inorganic (usually carbonates and bicarbonates). The term total carbon is different to total organic carbon, which refers specifically to the organic carbon fraction. Total Inorganic Carbon (TIC or IC): All carbon not covalently bound in organic molecules. Predominately composed of carbonate, bicarbonate, and dissolved carbon dioxide. Total Organic Carbon (TOC): The sum of carbon atoms covalently bonded in organic molecules. Inorganic carbon is carbon extracted from ores and minerals, as opposed to organic carbon found in nature through plants and living things. As, inorganic carbon are carbon oxides such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; polyatomic ions, cyanide, cyanate, thiocyanate, carbonate and carbide. Total carbon is the sum of three carbon forms; organic, elemental (which is insignificant in most soils) and inorganic (usually carbonates and bicarbonates). The term total carbon is different to total organic carbon, which refers specifically to the organic carbon fraction.

Hello,

I am questioning about this information given by ChatGPT (quoting from former answer):

"The relationship between TOC and conductivity arises from the fact that organic compounds are typically non-conductive, while inorganic ion species, such as salts, are conductive. Therefore, as the concentration of organic carbon increases in a sample, conductivity tends to decrease. This inverse relationship between TOC and conductivity can be useful in certain applications, such as monitoring water quality or assessing the effectiveness of organic carbon removal methods"

Lets assume now that organic compounds concentration(non-conductive, of course) increases and salts stay the same. Why should conductivity decrease?

Otherwise, when tap water, for example, passes through different steps of purification, both conductivity and TOC (as parameters used widely for water quality characterization) decrease (so, I think, not inverse relationship).

In the end, do not feel guilty not immediately using ChatGPT!