Liqid NMR (solution NMR) is the technique in which NMR spectra of a sample dissolved in a solvent is acquired and recorded spectra shows the corresponding peaks of sample as well as solvent peak......... Solution state spectra has high spectral resolution because Brownian motion of sample molecules removes chemical anisotropy while solid state there is no such motion which leads to broadening in peaks and spectral resolution become poor.... MAS (magic angle spinning) in solid state NMR removes a big extent of chemical anisotropy which enhances spectral resolution ..........
CPMAS provides better spectra as compare to MAS if your sample molecule contains H atom attached with the carbon atom
Solid state NMR should be acuired if your sample or system are not to be suitable for solution state
You will find a pretty good explanation in Introduction into solid-state NMR-FMP Berlin by Barth van Rossum, 21.02.2011. Full text available on the Internet. Good comparison of liquid- and solid-state NMR, the basics of solid-state NMR, advantages, some applications. Great graphics.
In solid NMR, the sample is in solid state, and it is very rigid. Therefore, the dipolar interaction is very strong. For using solid NMR, there are different techniques such as magic angle spinning (MAS), Cross polarization (CP) to overcome the dipolar interaction and get the NMR results with higher resolution.
I liquid NMR, because of Brownian motion, this effect is negligible.
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