Under dominant mode I loading, planar cracks have been observed to move from zero velocity v= 0; for a certain value v= v1, these turn into non-planar crack configurations. An explanation is offered below.
We refer to the work “NON-PLANAR CRACKS IN UNIFORM MOTION UNDER GENERAL LOADING” by ANONGBA (2020):
When the velocity v of planar cracks increases toward the terminal velocity ve = 0.52 ct (ct, the velocity of transverse sound wave), moving non-planar crack configurations have been found (0.33 ct < v < 0.55 ct, approximately) with average crack extension force < G > much larger than those of planar cracks. This indicates that non-planar cracks may be associated with larger decrease of the energy of the system on change of crack configuration. Hence, the starter planar crack transforms itself into a non-planar configuration to maintain higher speed motion during its evolution in steady motion.
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