I am modeling masonry walls using a strut and tie methodology for this kind of structures. I want to know how can flexible diaphragm be implemented in this platform.
In OpenSees, a flexible diaphragm can be modeled using the shell element, which is available in the OpenSeesPL component. This element is designed to simulate the behavior of thin-walled structures such as diaphragms and slabs. To use the shell element, you need to define the geometry and properties of the diaphragm, including the thickness, material properties, and boundary conditions. You can then use the shell element to model the deformation and response of the diaphragm under loading. To implement the shell element in your strut and tie model, you can assign the shell elements to the nodes at the top and bottom of the diaphragm. You will also need to define the appropriate boundary conditions to ensure that the shell element behaves as a flexible diaphragm.