I am trying to model the use of particles to block a leak in a water pipe within Ansys fluent. These particles are roughly the size of the leak I want to model. To keep things simple, I wanted to use a 2D model, as I only have access to the student version of Ansys so am limited in the number of nodes I can use. I also planned on using the DDPM-DEM model for the particles, and model the blocking of the leak using an internal boundary condition which treats the leak as a filter. However, I have read that for particle diameters that are larger than mesh cell size, particle-fluid interactions are not accurately determined within DDPM-DEM, and so the Macroscopic Particle Model must be used instead. I would rather not use MPM, as this can only be used for 3D models, which would complicate things considerably. Therefore my question is whether there a maximum ratio between mesh size and particle size in DDPM-DEM which should be adhered to?