I am working in NdMnO3 thin films, and recently started studying about the Magnetization in NdMnO3 films
I had a question about How to calculate Magnetization M in terms of Bohr magneton in case of thin films?
In case of bulk we can consider the mass of the sample in grams and calculate on the basis of emu/g but in case of thin film as per my knowledge the volume term is considered and the value here will be in emu/cc, this means no mass term present.
So I have a query of how to calculate the value of magnetic moment for the film in terms of Bohr magneton?
may be you can get answer in this paper
Grain size effect on magnetic properties of REMnO3 (RE = Pr, Nd)
Low Temp. Phys. 39, 351 (2013); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801432
First calculate the volume of the thin film for which you measured the Magnetization. I hope you have the lattice parameters from your material. So calculate the unit cell volume from there. Now you can calculate how many unit cells you have in your film. Divide your magnetization value by this number to know Magnetization/unit cell. Then you have to figure out how many formula units are there per unit cell? For LaMnO3 it is 4. For verifying the number in your material, please search literature. So using this number you can find out Magnetization in terms of Bohr magneton/f.u.
I think that the number f.e. per unit cell for NdMnO3 is the same as for LaMnO3, because it is a matter of one structural type (perovskite). I believe that to understand the different kinds of magnetization it will be a useful the answer to the question “What is the difference between magnetic moment(m), magnetization (M)?” from me and Sami Mahmood. See in: https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_difference_between_magnetic_momentm_magnetizationM
The answer by Sayani Majumdar is the usual recipe. Just two comments:
First: you always have to take care (previously to all Sayani Majumdar describes) of the diamagnetic contribution from your substrate. As the diamagnetic term is temperature independent, you can determine it at room temperature (or higher if possible) using the higher fields available. diamagnetism is temperature independent and linear with field, so it is easy to determine it, and therefore subtract it.
Second: take care with the temperature dependence of the magnetic moment of this material. Nd has its own magnetic moment, which is disordered down to the lowest Ts, but it is there: of the order of 1 - 2 muB) It starts to be polarized by the internal field of the Mn sub-lattice below 20-30 K. So depending on the temperature you're measuring, you may be sensing also Nd moments. At low magnetic field Nd gets large enough to reverse magnetization: Check literature, for example F. Bartolome et al., Physica B 312–313 (2002) 769 (attached); ibid JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 97, 10A503 (2005)
Third: undoped NdMnO3 is antiferromagnetic and hardly saturated. I've measured up to B=30 T (on some powdered samples) without reaching saturation.
Thank You
Sayani Majumdar and Fernando Bartolome for your valuable comment
Finally I got the understanding about the value according both your comments
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