I am looking for good data on geographical and/or institutional mobility of scientists in the US (and if possible Canada; also data on other countries can be useful). I am interested chiefly in internal mobility within the US, i.e. between institutions, cities, states. (There is a lot of literature on international mobility, far less on internal.) Please help.
This is a very good question.
An overview of academic mobility that includes the US is given in
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277615483_Academic_Mobility_and_Migration_What_We_Know_and_What_We_Do_Not_Know
It has been observed that the availability of sabbaticals facilitates the temporary mobility of tenured professors in the US and Canada in
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264464952_The_International_Mobility_of_Academics_A_Labour_Market_Perspective
Article Academic Mobility and Migration: What We Know and What We Do Not Know
Article The International Mobility of Academics: A Labour Market Perspective
A statistic might be applied to fuzzy sets, but the question remains if it is appropriate. Statistic usually means there is no known cause. With mobility there usually is a cause known at least to the people who make the decisions. Network theory may be more appropriate. Administrators tend to hire someone they worked with before or there is a strong link through a third person. Less often a prominent successful person is recruited, but then there is a sponsor in the hiring organization.
It isn't what you know or who you know. Mobility is driven by who knows you and what they think of you. Networking is the key.
Maybe you could trace affiliation of co-authors of papers in Web of Science / Scopus? Now they use ORCID, so finding the same person would not be an issue. The question is how far in the past it is reliable? This is more likely going to be easier in the future with such surveys, I suppose.
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