Nonlinear fiber optics and linear fiber optics
Please check this article. It gives a good back ground and an answer to your question: http://jpier.org/PIER/pier74/23.07051102.Singh.GS.pdf
In linear scattering, attenuation occurs when optical power is transferred from one mode to another keeping frequency unaltered.
Non linear scattering occurs when frequency is changed during optical power transfer.
Linear scattering take place in forward direction and non-linear scattering take place in either forward or backward direction.
Frequency shift is minimum in linear scattering.
In non-linear scattering Frequency shift is maximum in backward direction.
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