I understand the basic definition for both. I found a literature to describe both of them.
In the paper, they states:
If a stress is applied to a concrete body, the body experiences an elastic deformation which is, to a first approximation, independent of time. If, however, this stress is maintained for a considerable period of time, the body suffers a further, time-dependent deformation. This additional deformation is com- monly known as creep. In a creep experiment the stress is usually kept constant. If instead of the stress, the length of a stressed specimen is kept constant, the creep leads to a gradual reduction of the stress originally present. This process is called stress relaxation.
Based on the paper’s description, creep and stress relaxation depends on which factor is maintained (I.e. stress or strain).
If strain change, it is a creep deformation
if stress change, it is a stress relaxation.
How do you know which one is change or maintained in the material or in a strcuture? Stress or strain?
Look at how both of these experiments are performed. That should make this clear for you.
Hi, it's simple:
Creep = constant stress, but deformation (shape, dimensions, etc.) changes in time.
Relaxation = constant strain = the body still has the same outer shape, but the inner structure is rearranged to release stress.
If we try to answer the essence of your question, we can note the following. Stress is primary, creep is secondary. I.e. without the first there is no second. The reverse is generally not true.
On this topic, I recommend the wonderful book Bell J.F., Mechanics of solids, part I, Springer, 1973.
In particular, the author convincingly asserts that a perfectly elastic body does not exist in nature.
Even a small load leads to creep, the detection of which is only a matter of measurement accuracy
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