Due to the material characteristic the producing of EM waves will have any variation, if it is there in which material will EM be effective?
Dear Simeon, would you please clarify your question more?
I guess you are talking about "effective and photonic materials" ?
if a material (copper wires) used in the tx and rx .
while a wave is generated to deliver in air after that in air we are saying that it is a EM wave
so my question is if we transferring a wave through a material characteristic what will be the effectiveness while compare to other materials
Dear Simeon,
From the principle point of view, the electromagnetic waves are form of energy stored in the electric and magnetic fields.The material is composed of atoms and the atoms contains electrons. The materials contains electrical charges. These electrical charges are affected by the electrical field component of the electromagnetic field. It is said the electric field polarities the material. The quantity used to describe this effect is the dielectric constant epsilon. If the dielectric constant of the material is greater than than that of the air the phase velocity of the wave will be reduced such that v = C/square root of the relative dielectric constant. Also if the material is magnetically polarizable such that it has a relative permeability ur greater than that of the air the phase velocity of the wave will be also reduced. More over the wave impedance changes by changing the material.
Therefore when a propagating electromagnetic wave meets an interface between to different material a part of it will be reflected , a part will be absorbed and a part will be transmitted.
Electromagnetic waves have many sources.All bodies emit electromagnetism radiation to attain their thermal balance with the surroundings.This radiation is the black body radiation. OUR sun is the biggest and hottest black body radiator. All lamps are also electromagnetic radiators.
Radio electromagnetic waves are produced by covering the electrical energies produced by carrier wave oscillators to radio waves by means of antennas. Antennas
are metallic wires of normally half wave length. According to the radiation theory electromagnetic waves originate by accelerated electrical charges which is the case of the alternating current in the wires of the antenna.
These waves propagate with the speed of light which changes with propagation medium as is explained in before.
I wish you success.
Dear Simeon, I must confess I cannot decipher your question. It appears confused to me. In case Abdelhalim Zekry's answer didn't meet what you werer asking for it may be good for you to find someone helping you to formulate your question clearly and precisely. (just a hint: I cannot imagine what is to be represented by 'tx' and 'rx' in your 2nd post. And what do you mean by effectiveness? What is it about?)
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