Yes , while standing your device is connected to the same base station where as while you are in motion your device searches for new base station at the same time tries to maintain the on going conversation this consumes much battery resources.

Hi Sangam, you are asking about the difference in battery usage between two cases, the first case is of some one using his mobile he standing and the second case is of some one who is on board of a bus or a train. I am repeating so that you correct me if I understood the question differently.

There are a number of issues concerning the increased speed at which the user is traveling. The impact of these issues depends on the type of communication. However, generally, the increased speed at which the mobile unit is traveling means that the channel variations become more frequent. This is a result of the more reflections and increased diffraction and scattering of the signal on its way to or from the mobile unit due to mobility. The higher the speed the higher theses variations are. This means that the path loss variations becomes excessive, i.e. more frequently occurring with larger variation. Remember, I am referring to fast variations, which are called fast fading as well. Signal level on the average is dependent on the distance from the base station, frequency and shadowing. You may imagine the fast fading variations as ripple in the path loss average value. The higher this ripple the lower the quality of the received signal, which increases errors (at times when the signal is fading). Other impairments due to speeding up include Doppler spread, for signal smeared in frequency and delay and angular spread for how signal is smeared over time and angle due to the movement and reflections.

As a result, the higher the speed the more power the mobile unit on the uplink (or the base station on the downlink) needs in order to keep transmitting the same signal at the same rate with the same performance (BER or received signal quality). This is to compensate for the increased errors. The other way around is what is usually expected. At higher speeds, the expected data rates at which the mobile unit can transmit/receive should be lower (typically for the same power). Thus international bodies setting the requirements for wireless communication standards (ITU) set a high data requirement at pedestrian speeds (walking distance) and lower data requirements at speeds within the vehicular ranges (at 30Km/hr, 120 Km/hr, ...etc) end even much lower rates at high speed vehicular (>150 Km/hr). Check, for example, Figure 2 in the IMT-advanced requirements (called beyond IMT-2000) for 4G mobile wireless communications (see the ITU recommendation M.1645 which can be downloaded from the ITU web site: http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-M.1645 ). In this figure the requirement set a goal of 1000 MbpS (which is now achievable by 4G systems) at lowmobility while rates at high mobility can go down to 100 Mbps or lower (see the figure in M.1645). Thanks. @AlDmour

Hi Sangam!

Absolutely as we hand off from one cell to other we go to extreme of the first cell as we go away from base station the power required to exchange the signal increases so it consumes large power so that the battery usage increases so the life of the reduces.

Hi Sangam,

the difference in battery consumption will largely depend on the wireless technology and the protocol being used, but as general rule, the switch between communication channels of different antennae while moving (at high speed) will in fact consume more energy from the mobile radio.

In my first comment above, I concentrated on the effect of high speed on making communication difficult to the vehicular user due to reasons of fast fading, Doppler,...etc. The outcome of this is that the user must increase his power to retrieve the signal quality and error rate. At some stage, the user may need to reduce his rate as no more increase in power is possible to compensate for the increased channel vagaries. So, it is typical to say that the higher the speed the lower the data rate should be. For users who can't reduce their rates, e.g. real time users such as voice users, the implication is that the cell capacity of voice users at the high speed shall be lower than its capacity of voice users at the low or pedestrian speeds.

I like also to thanks all who commented on the effect of handover on battery consumption. This is due to two things, one is that handover occurs when the user is traveling away from the base station which necessitates an increase in the power transmitted to overcome the increase in path loss ( as path loss is proportional to distance raised to exponent value 2-4) as Vadivelu commented. The other thing is that a mobile unit in handover will have to communicate with more than one base station at the same time. This is needed so that the user is not disconnected during the handover process; i.e. a make before break operation which is called soft handover (SHO) in contrary to hard handover (Generally not used). This attachment to more than one base station and signal communicated over to 2 or more base stations results in increased power transmitted, hence battery consumption. Thanks. @AlDmour

yes it does affect it as you shift from one cell to another the handoff process will defintly be there so as your signal is not that strong enough your energy consumption will also increase and also your SNR and BER will both suffer

it also depends on the medium in which you are moving sometimes fading can also occur if in case you are travelling in a mountainious region then defintly differnce in batter consumption and also in signal strength can be felt as your signal will be dropping and also QoS will also be affected .

thank you mr. Ismat Aldmour it very interesting answer

Channel fading due to multipath propagation plays a major role. In addition, during hands-off a mobile receiver needs to receive and process the control signals from the base station, which translates to depletion of the battery energy.