Surface plasmon resonance can be excited by three different configuration. Kretschmann configuration is one among them. I hope this paper by J. R. sambles will clear all you doubts

Dear Research Fellow

@Chandan Kumar,

Thank you so much for your valuable answer, and the article is really very impressive, i had gone through it ,and clear my doubts too.

Indeed your effort at this extant, help me to clear all my doubt.

Thank you.

Surface plasmon resonance can be excited by Kretschmann and Otto Configuration. In Kretschmann configuration, metal thin film directly is deposited in the prism. The metal that usually used is silver, gold and aluminum. and then the thickness of metal is about 50 nm.

You can read about it in this paper :

https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1707/1707.05271.pdf

Good luck in your research @Anand Kumar Singh

Dear @Devi Taufiq,

Seasons greeting,

Thank you so much for your answer, apart from that this paper is very helpful in understanding the fundamentals too.

Thank you so much.

It is the ideal setup that leads to probe characteristics of the plasmon response. It exist other configurations which are suitable to manipulate, in high resolution, the profile of plasmon modes. You can to consult several papers by using the keywords : Designing MIM structures to probe SPR.

I attach a picture that explains some configurations in SPR-based biosensor. Kretchmann configuration is shown in figure b.

I take this picture from this journal.

https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3231365_sensors-11-05360f9&req=4

Dear @Devi Taufiq,

Seasons greeting

Thank you so much for your relentless support in my project. Indeed your answer is always helpful for me to understand the root of my problem.

Thank you

Regard.

So! What is surface plasmon per se? How does it produced?

Alireza Mehrjoy , when light source falls through a prism on a metal surface, some lights are reflected on the metal surface. But at a certain incident angle known as resonant angle, light is absorbed by the surface electron of that metal piece and resonate the electron. This resonating electron is called surface plasmon. From this video 0:24 to 0:50 time https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sM-VI3alvAI

or

There is a dense assembly of negatively charged free electrons inside a conductor and also an equally charged positive ion lattice. Since, positive ions have an infinitely large mass compared with these free electrons, therefore, according to the jellium model, these ions can be replaced by a positive constant background. However, the total charge density inside the conductor still remains to be zero. If the density of free electrons is locally reduced by applying an external field (light falls ) on the conductor so that the movement of free electrons may take place, the negative free electrons are no longer screened by the background and they begin to get attracted by the positive ion background. This attraction acts as a driving force for free electrons and they move to positive region and accumulate with a density greater than necessary to obtain charge neutrality. Now, at this point, the Coulomb repulsion among the moving free electrons acts as a restoring force and produces motion in opposite direction. The resultant of the two forces (i.e., attractive driving force and repulsive restoring force) set up the longitudinal oscillations among the free electrons. These oscillations are known as plasma oscillations. at

@article{sharma2007fiber, title={Fiber-optic sensors based on surface plasmon resonance: a comprehensive review}, author={Sharma, Anuj K and Jha, Rajan and Gupta, BD}, journal={IEEE Sensors Journal}, volume={7}, number={8}, pages={1118--1129}, year={2007}, publisher={IEEE} }

how we can simulated this structure?what software can do that?

Dear Mehdi Raji.

Well for Prism Coupled Structures SPR, Simulation can be done by alot many different ways but among them there are some better simulation software by which you could get the perfect results. Among them, SPR Nano-lithography Simulation Software, Winspall even you could use origin as well. However, you could use Winspall Simulation Software for better results, but while using Winspall software all you need is to take care, while determining the Prism angle.

Good luck.

Dear Mehdi Raji ,

For simulating the structure of SPR you can use COMSOL Multiphysics or MatLab software. Those software are very available.

Best of luck.

Dear Anand Kumar Singh,

The two common ways to generate surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is the grating coupling and the prism coupling. Kretschmann configuration is one way of the prism coupling method, the other way called Otto setup. In prism coupling method light is incident oblique to the metal/dielectric interface using a mechanical system and the prism. The parameters for this technique are the incident angle, the operating wavelength and the materials in the structure [ the prism should be transparent, the metal could be Au, Ag, Al, Cu etc although Au is preferred for its biocompatibility and finally the dielectric medium could be a solution, gas or even solid material]. Once we generate SPR at the metal-dielectric interface we could sens the variations in the dielectric medium, concentration, refractive index, etc. So the main purpose of this setup is for sensing applications.

for more information you could check these articles:

Article Plasmonic Sensor Based on Dielectric Nanoprisms

Article High-sensitivity integrated devices based on surface plasmon...

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8675380

Dear Elshorbagy,

Thank you very much for your spectacular answer.

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you might find details

It is a reliable configuration that allows the excitation of resonant phenomena along an interface performed between a metallic layer and a dielectric medium of opposite signs in their respective permittivities. In addition, the interface is probed in attenuated totale reflection by the use of a prism mettalic grating, and optical fiber.

For complete understanding you can go through my thesis for which link is provided below: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/368760