Dear Mohsen Mazaheri Asad

"Principles of Construction Management" by: Amir Lotfi

It is a book title that I think it may be beneficial for you.

Regards,

S. M. Mohammadizadeh

Look here

http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/images/content/5/3/538865/fac-pub-pollalis-bot-part-1.pdf

And here too

http://www.people.hbs.edu/besty/projfinportal/index.htm

A public private partnership on waste water

https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.iwtc.info/2004_pdf/05-3.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwix9ryWwPLJAhXNBI4KHe1lBXQ4PBAWCCYwBg&usg=AFQjCNEe4cL8dscdAFVjEwm_DVByb8FdFw&sig2=zyGIKxQ4I56zilk-tRG1zw

Dear Seyed Mehdi Mohammadizadeh,

Thank you very much for book, is it in Persian?

Dear Fabrizio Rossi,

Thanks for the links.

Thank you dear Krishnan Umachandran.

Dear Ivo Carneiro de Sousa,

Thank you very much for the book.

Dear Rajab Abdullah Hokoma,

I mean BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer)

What is BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) contract?

My personal experience on BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) contract refers to typically outsourcing contract spans across multi-years that need to "build" an infrastructure / asset from scratch (totally green field), after that "operate" by the provider who did the "build" for a period of time and then "transfer" back to the customer.

What subjects do you recommend for a research paper to working on this topic?

Not sure the above question is coming from technical, process or commercial contacting angles etc.  Perhaps you can explore the following:

No matter how, you need to find a research problem or sweet spot why you need to embark on a BOT research.

Dear Mohsen Mazaheri Asad 

The book that I mentioned in last comment, is available in Persian language.

A type of arrangement in which the private sector builds an infrastructure project, operates it and eventually transfers ownership of the project to the government. In many instances, the government becomes the firm's only customer and promises to purchase at least a predetermined amount of the project's output. This ensures that the firm recoups its initial investment in a reasonable time span.

Read more: Build-Operate-Transfer Contract Definition | Investopedia http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/botcontract.asp#ixzz3vDKnP9M2

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Build–operate–transfer (BOT) or build–own–operate–transfer (BOOT) is a form of project financing, wherein a private entity receives a concession from the private or public sector to finance, design, construct, and operate a facility stated in the concession contract. This enables the project proponent to recover its investment, operating and maintenance expenses in the project.

Due to the long-term nature of the arrangement, the fees are usually raised during the concession period. The rate of increase is often tied to a combination of internal and external variables, allowing the proponent to reach a satisfactory internal rate of return for its investment.

Examples of countries using BOT are Thailand, Turkey, Taiwan, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Israel, India, Iran, Croatia, Japan, China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, Egypt, Myanmar and a few US states (California, Florida, Indiana, Texas, and Virginia). However, in some countries, such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Nepal, the term used is build–own–operate–transfer (BOOT).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Build%E2%80%93operate%E2%80%93transfer

http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/botcontract.asp

A BOT contract is a form of project financing, whereby a private entity receives a franchise from the private or public sector organisation to finance, design, construct, and operate a facility for a specified period of time, after which the ownership is transferred back to the funding entity.

During the time that the project contractor operates the facility, it is allowed to charge facility users appropriate fees, etc., all as stated in their contract, to enable the project contractor to recover its investment, together with the operating and maintenance costs.

BOT is a type of project financing and, as such, its key elements are:

the lenders to the project look primarily at the earnings of the project as the source from which loan repayments will be made. Their credit assessment is based on the project, not on the credit worthiness of the borrowing entity; and

the security taken by the lenders is largely confined to the project assets. As such, project financing is often referred to as a "limited recourse" financing. This is because lenders are given only a limited recourse against the borrower.

Most project finance structures such as BOT are complex. The risks inherent the project are spread between the various parties; each risk is usually assumed by the party, which can most efficiently and cost-effectively control or handle it.

Once the project's risks are identified, the likelihood of their occurrence are assessed and their impact on the project determined, the sponsor must then allocate such risks to the relevant parties. More specifically, its options are either to absorb the risk itself, lay off the risk with third parties such as insurers, or to allocate the risk among contractors and lenders.

The sponsor will be acting, more often than not, on behalf of a sponsor at a time when the equity participants are unknown. Nevertheless, each of the participants in the project must be satisfied with the risk allocation, the creditworthiness of the risk taker and the reward that flows to the party taking the risk. In this respect, each party takes a quasi equity risk in the project.

Dear Han Ping Fung,

Thank you very much for the clues to explore in this area.

Thank you dear Subhash C. Kundu.

Dear Osama Abdelgawad,

Thank you so much for the definition of BOT and its' key elements.

You Welcome ,and I hope that useful for you

From the Nigerian experience BOT deals with public private partnership where government provides the space under an agreement for the private sector to develop an infrastructure, operate/commercialise the product and hand over the property to the public sector after recouping the investment with some profits within an agreed timeframe. In Nigeria, hostel blocks are built by private sector and let out to students at an affordable rate and becomes a property of the tertiary institution after the BOT contract period when the finances invested and some interest were made over an agreed period but without exploiting the students.

I hope this helps. 

Thank you very much dear Harshvardhan Singh.

This is an arrangement to manage funds for infrastructural developmental activities form competent partners from the society through inviting technical and financial BIDs. Worldwide this is practised with a success.

The invested money is recovered as toll fee levied from the user. The amount and the duration is decided in consultation with the government authority.

Till date the chargeable toll fee amount estimation formula  is not very clear and the amount is chargeable always at a higher rate. Scope lies to validate.

Public /user open access is not very clear to understand the BOT charges as fee.

Categorisation of infrastructure projects and fee levied after completion and period or duration of how many years the fee will be charged also urgent needed to simplified and it should be made available to public information.

Atricles

a number of articles are flooding on internet search engines and the tendering documents must be looked in to for better understanding and for doing further researches.

BOT related research may be undertaken on following topics

1.Techno-economics analysis of existing BOT system.

2. BOT and environmental aspects

3. Nature friendly BOT development

4. BOT and society

5.Changinging  fuel consumption pattern , consequent upon BOT

etc.

Under a build-operate-transfer (BOT) contract, an entity usually a government grants a concession to a private company to finance, build and operate a project for a period of 20-30 years, hoping to earn a profit. After that period, the project is returned to the public entity that originally granted the concession.