I'm going to determine the quantity of the sodium formate in my reaction system. I'm using HPLC with aq. NaH2PO4/MeOH as eluent and UV 215 nm as detector.
What internal standard can be used for the analysis of HCOONa?
the chemical and physical properties of the internal standard should be as similar as possible to those of the analyte so that both substances behave in the same way during analysis. The internal standard should show the following properties as far as possible:
- similar distribution ratios of the atoms/molecules
- similar response behaviour in the analytical method
- no original sample component
- same stability in calibration standards and samples
- simultaneously determinable by the same method as the analyte
Under these conditions, fluctuations in sample preparation (e.g. evaporation of the solvent, adsorption on matrix components, incomplete reaction during derivatization) and measurement (e.g. change in temperature in the measuring instrument, error with injected sample quantity) can have the same effect on the analyte and internal standard and be adequately compensated. Homologous "relatives" of the analyte are often used as internal standards, but also substituted or deuterated analyte molecules.
As I recall Sodium Formate is almost invisible in the UV, so you may have to use another detector. Why not use HPLC grade Sodium Formate as an external standard? What is your sample matrix and expected concentration?