I need to know about the benefits that bacteria get in return after performing a function in soil.
Microbes in the soil are directly tied to nutrient recycling especially carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur. Bacteria are a major class of microorganisms that keep soils healthy and productive. Microbial action on dead organic matter releases nutrients in the soil thus raising the fertility status of the soil. Diazotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria like Azotobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia, Clostridium, Klebsiella, Nostoc, Anabaena, Anabaenopsis, etc. raise the nitrogen status of soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Moreover, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and fungi increase phosphorus availability to plants in the soil. Microorganisms also improve the soil structure which protects the soil against erosive forces. microorganisms take part in mineralisation processes whereby non available form is converted in available forms. They are involved in a wide range of biological processes including the transformation of insoluble soil nutrients . Some are capable of solubilizing and mineralizing insoluble soil phosphorus for the growth of plants.
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anoop-Srivastava/post/What_is_the_best_population_of_phosphate_solubilizing_bacteria_in_soil_to_release_phosphate/attachment/59d652a679197b80779aad25/AS%3A513351311728640%401499403898594/download/10.1007%252Fs11104-013-1956-x.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soilquality.org.au%2Ffactsheets%2Fsoil-biological-fertility
Sir thank you for your interest in answering the question but my question is that as plant get nutrients so what are the benefits that microbes get after solubilizing a nutrient?
Many bacteria live in the root hair zone where the plant leaks carbohydrates etc. This is an energy rick environment and the microbes deplete it locally in oxygen, which causes the reductive release of Fe and Mn from their hydrous oxides, and the release of species, notably P, that were associated with the hydrous oxides. Those pr4ocesses benefit the plant as well as the microbial population
Bacteria fall into four functional groups.
1. Most are decomposers that consume simple carbon compounds, such as root exudates and fresh plant litter. By this process, bacteria convert energy in soil organic matter into forms useful to the rest of the organisms in the soil food web.
2. A second group of bacteria are the mutualists that form partnerships with plants. The most well-known of these are the nitrogen-fixing bacteria
3. The third group of bacteria is the pathogens. Bacterial pathogens include Xymomonas and Erwinia species, and species of Agrobacterium that cause gall formation in plants.
4. A fourth group, called lithotrophs or chemoautotrophs, obtains its energy from compounds of nitrogen, sulfur, iron or hydrogen instead of from carbon compounds. Some of these species are important to nitrogen cycling and degradation of pollutants.
Above all four groups perform important services related to water dynamics, nutrient cycling, and disease suppression. Some bacteria affect water movement by producing substances that help bind soil particles into small aggregates (those with diameters of 1/10,000-1/100 of an inch or 2-200µm. Though soil possesses total P in the form of organic and inorganic compounds, most of them remain inactive and thus unavailable to plants. Since many farmers cannot afford to use P fertilizers to reduce P deficits, alternative techniques to provide P are needed.
Decomposers are organisms that feeds on dead or decaying organisms so, they carry out the natural process of decomposition. When plants and animals die, they become food for decomposers like bacteria, fungi and earthworms. They recycle dead plants and animals into chemical nutrients like carbon and nitrogen that are released back into the soil, air and water.
1. The first way bacteria can obtain food is via photosynthesis Like plants, many bacteria contain chloroplasts or blue-green pigments, which means they can photosynthesize and thus create their own food by absorbing sunlight. Because these bacteria can create their own energy, they are classified as autotrophs.
2. The second way bacteria can obtain food is through chemosynthesis , of which there are two types: Autotrophic chemosynthesis, and heterotrophic chemosynthesis.
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