Hello,

The carbon sources employed in industrial fermentation of citric acid are sugars in solutions at concentrations ranging from 15 to 25%. It will b better if microorganisms used industrially have amylases and invertases, which make them capable of hydrolyzing polysaccharides and sucrose, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes can be carried out.

You should mix the substrate with the liquid on wet basis. Knowing the weight of the substrate, it is easy to calculate the liquid you should add.

Because you have substrates with some water content, the best way how to solve your problem is as follows:

i) You have to determine actual moisture content in a substrate. (n)

ii) This moisture (water) content you have in your substrate substract from desired water content (e.g. 80 %) in a substrate, i.e. 80 % - n % =

iii) The difference is amount of water to be added per unit weight of your substrate. The real amount of water to be added to reach required water content in substrate (80 %) can be calculated from the requirerd weight of substrate for testing.

Best regards

Vit

For calculation the moisture content

The wiegt of dry contents (carrier +substrate) say n

Water which will be added is x

Moisture content (%) = x/x+n

For 60 % moisture of 100 gram solid contents calculated as the following

60/100=x/x+100

100x=60 x+6000

40x=6000

X=6000/40=150 ml

For calculation the moisture content

The wiegt of dry contents (carrier +substrate) say n

Water which will be added is x

Moisture content (%) = x/x+n

For 60 % moisture of 100 gram solid contents calculated as the following

60/100=x/x+100

100x=60 x+6000

40x=6000

X=6000/40=150 ml