Hello Mahmoud Abdallah,

The following links can hopefully provide you with the targeted literature you are looking for.

Best of luck,

R. Biria

https://wac.colostate.edu/books/l2/chapter4.pdf

https://ascd.com/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el_198812_anderson.pdf

https://www.ode.state.or.us/opportunities/grants/nclb/.../1summarizing-and-paraphrasing.pdf

https://www.gcasd.org/Downloads/Summarizing_Strategies.pdf

Thanks so much, dear colleagues.

Hi Mahmoud,

I'm going to recommend useful language as well as skills. In terms of skills, students need to develop:

- the ability to distinguish between important and less important information when reading

-paraphrasing skills to avoid copying verbatim from the text being summarized

-a concise but precise writing style. The ability to reconcile concision with precision is a key to good summary writing. To achieve this, learners need to develop a critical attitude to their own writing in order to recognise both redundancies and imprecision. This critical awareness can be developed through a mixture of analysis of model texts, peer correction, guided self-correction ( the teacher hints at what is wrong; the students try to correct it) and standard teacher correction.

- (at a higher level , and for summaries where style is important) the use of synonyms to avoid repetition

In terms of language, students will benefit from the following areas, among others: 

- lexical phrases that can be used to summarize ideas. You may find something on this in Lexical Phrases and Language Teaching by Nattinger and De Carrico. Look , e.g.under "summarizers" in the index. 

- all materials that deal with reported speech ( including of course reported writing) from a lexical point of view: these will provide you with expressions such as "refute the claim"; "cast doubt on the idea that", which can help to encapsulate ideas. There is something on this in Chapter 9 of Implementing the Lexical Approach by Michael Lewis.

-linking words and phrases

- academic vocabulary including organizing phrases and other common word combinations in academic texts-see e.g. Lexical Bundles in L1 and L2 Academic Writing by Chen and Baker. Some of the work by Hilary Nesi and others based around the BAWE ( British Academic Written English) corpus also contains references to lexical phrases that can be used to summarise texts. 

-the use of lexical chains in text summarisation. The origin of Lexical chains is, I think, Halliday and Hasan's book "Cohesion in English", from 1976.It could well be worth your while to look back at this, but I would complement it with any corpus-based studies that you can find, so that all your examples are not from Alice in Wonderland! When searching for these more up-to-date papers, bear in mind that some common references -e.g   "Lexical Chains for Text Summarization" by Barzilay and Elhadad-actually examine automatic (i.e. computer-generated) text summarization. Such work is interesting but not really relevant for your pedagogical purposes.

All the best,

Chris

Thanks so much, dear Chris, for your very informative answer..I do appreciate your efforts to help..

Kind regards.

Mahmoud

please see my joint paper on "

• INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF EFL AND LINGUISTICS

The Effect of Teaching Summarization Strategies on Reading Comprehension of Science and Humanities Iranian High school Students

Azamsadat Pourhosseini Maybodi

M.A. TEFL, Department of English, Islamic Azad University,

Maybod Branch, Yazd, Iran

Email: [email protected]

Ashraf Haji Maibodi

Assistant Professor, Department of English, Islamic Azad University,

Maybod Branch, Yazd, Iran

Email: [email protected]