Your question looks very broad. It is good to clarify your question for getting relevant answers. Different bacterial species can secrete different extracellular primary or secondary metabolites.
you know your question is not very specific. but still i will try: i will focus on proteins on biotechnology basis:
I would say that bacteria can secrete any protein if you know its sequence you can transform bacteria to perform your desired work . but the larger the size of molecule become lesser the quantity and harder to transform . even if it is simple small peptides you need to control its production because they can form inclusion bodies .