Isa, the solution depends on the type of environmental variable or component. For instance , the percentage or proportion of area fished or proportionate cover of seabed habitat,mean trophic index, relative biomass of key target species or keystone prey as indicator of ecological wellbeing are indicators that could be used in respect of trawling. In short, you may refer to a range of ecological indicators which are modified by the commercial trawl fisheries. Visit this website: http://www.fao.org/3/a-am429e.pdf for development and use of ecological indicators.