Hi Ahmed

This is deeply depends on your goal, due to their different usage.

Personally, as a primary software, I would say programing ones. For example, MATLAB, Mathematica, Python would be the primary kit for any researcher.

If you can write robust programming codes, you would definitely solve a lot of problems.

There are different software available in this area, some of these require data or it can accept data from spread sheet Excel such as MODFLOW and FEFLOW as well

Others require scripts and code from high level language MATLAB ,Phython.

You can also use Surfer , GIS for mapping

It's depends mainly about your objective from the study

Software for Architectural design: AutoCad

Structural Analysis: SAP2000

Open Channel flow: HecRas

Software Used in Civil Engineering

AutoCad Civil 3D. Easily the most used program in the industry, Civil 3D is a civil engineering drafting software with a multitude of design, analysis and simulation tools for civil engineering design.

Software Used in Environmental Engineering

MATLAB, MathWorks, Commercial ; openair, R Core Team, Open Source ; Simapro,

You can use EPANET

https://www.epa.gov/water-research/epanet

Hello Ahmed. There are several softwares to be practiced in your field. For example regarding the irrigation and drainage, there are (CROPWAT, AQUACROP, DRAINMOD,SWAT). But it is better to choose the software based on your aims in order to focus your concentration on it.

You need the following:

AutoCAD

Prota structures

Civil 3D

EpaNET

QGIS

WaterCAD

HEC- RAS

Geostudio

EPASWMM

SAP2000 has two types: Student version and professional version. The latter is better as it has considerable capacities and it is adaptable for the design and calculations of great structures.

Other software such as AutoCAD 3D, FLAC 3D, ANSYS, ABAQUS, HecRas and so on, can be used. It should be noted that any software has its peculiarities. The selection depends on what you want to achieve witch accuracy! Sometimes, you can use 2 software to compare the precision level of the results!

SWMM , ENVI , Arc GIS , waterGEMS

Hello, Ahmed.

Because of its many applications, this is very dependent on your purpose. I would recommend programming one as a primary of software. There are numerous software programmes to practise in your industry. SWMM, EPANET ENVI, Arc GIS, and HecRasS are just a few examples.

Hello Ahmed .

Top 12 Best Open Source Software in Water Resources are listed below:

1. QGIS

QGIS is the most popular GIS tool with an impressive trajectory and a vibrant community. It also even has a particular ecosystem of complements called “plugins”. QGIS is a completely open source alternative that reduces the cost barriers since it does not need a paid license and can be executed in any operative system.

Web: www.qgis.org

2. SAGA GIS

SAGA GIS is a GIS platform oriented to spatial analysis. SAGA GIS is a simple but powerful tool, with a big library focused on spatial analysis and characterization of basins. The interpolation options in SAGA GIS are better implemented than in other free and commercial software.

Web: www.saga-gis.org

3. HEC-RAS

The numerical model HEC-RAS is developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This model uses the gradient and topography to evaluate the flow depth, velocities and flooded zones. It is also useful to calculate sediment transport and water temperature.

Web: hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-ras

4. iRIC

iRIC (International River Interface Cooperative) is a software developed with the purpose of offering a complete simulation environment of the riverbed and its results can be exported and used to analyze, mitigate and prevent disasters, through the visualization of the results of the river simulation.

Web: http://i-ric.org/en/

• Hydrologic modeling

5. HEC-HMS

The Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) is designed to simulate the hydrologic processes in basins. The software includes traditional procedures of hydrologic analysis, such as infiltration events, unit hydrograms and routing. HEC-HMS also includes modules for evapotranspiration, snow melting and calculus of soil humidity.

Web: www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-hms

6. PRMS

The modeling code PRMS (Precipitation Runoff Modeling System) is a modular system of spatially distributed parameters, which represent the physical processes of a basin. It was developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to evaluate the effects of several combinations of geomorphology, type of soil, soil use, vegetation and climatic parameters in the hydrological response of a basin.

Web:  wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/SW_MoWS/PRMS.html

7. SWAT

SWAT is a tool to evaluate soil and water at a basin scale. It is focused in precipitation-runoff modeling and transport of water and solutes through surface flow. It predicts the impacts of soil management practices in water resources and sediments

Web: swat.tamu.edu

• Hydrogeological modeling

8. MODFLOW

This code performs groundwater modeling based on finite differences developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). It is capable of simulating groundwater 2D and 3D flux and simulate the principal physical processes related to the groundwater regime such as recharge, evapotranspiration, pumping, drainage, etc.

Web: http://water.usgs.gov/ogw/modflow/

9. MT3DMS

The MT3DMS package is a mass transport model coupled to a flux model in MODFLOW. The MT3DMS code simulates advection, dispersion/diffusion and chemical reactions of adsorption/absorption of contaminants in groundwater.

Web: http://hydro.geo.ua.edu/mt3d/

• Computational fluid dynamics modeling

10. OpenFOAM

Pretty much any physical phenomenon associated to fluid dynamics can be represented with this software. The amount of packages incorporated and also its condition of an open source code make it useful to explore the possibilities of modeling several types of problems including the addition of a reactive model.

Web: www.openfoam.org

11. Python

This is the favorite code for scientific, water resources and environment analysis. It has several packages for different tools such as GIS, mathematical analysis and artificial intelligence.

If a complete tool for manipulation, processing and plotting of data is needed, Python – Scipy is an effective, versatile and free code solution.

Webs: www.python.org, www.scipy.org

12. R

R is a programming language for statistic calculations and graphics generation. It is easy to understand and makes it possible to make complicated analysis with just a few lines of code.

It is the best option to perform spatial analysis since it incorporates several interpolation options.

Web: r-project.org

Thanks

📷

Ahmed Tarek, thank you for posing the question.

Honestly, none of us can actually tell you which software program(s) and/or programming language(s) that you should know upon graduating from the University. That depends on your future employer(s) and which software program(s) and/or programming language(s) that you will be able to use on your work computer. Aside from that, depending on your employer(s), you may be able to perform your work responsibilities on your own computing device & then just transfer the completed work to your work computer.

I have drafted a basic list of potentially useful Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) programs & languages that you may use in those fields. Here is a caveat, you may end up in a different field than what you expected as you continue on your engineering career.

1) I maintain and created the following 5 links (there are 2 different Web pages with 5 sections of topics):

https://www.ecoccs.com/rtraining.html#hydro

EcoC^2S [Irucka Embry): R Trainings and Resources: (Eco)Hydrology Applications with R

https://www.ecoccs.com/rtraining.html#othersoft

EcoC^2S [Irucka Embry): R Trainings and Resources: Non-R software and resources

https://www.ecoccs.com/resources_links.html#cad_soft

EcoC^2S [Irucka Embry): EcoC^2S Online Resources: Free and Open Source CAD Software

https://www.ecoccs.com/resources_links.html#cfd_soft

EcoC^2S [Irucka Embry): EcoC^2S Online Resources: Free and Open Source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Software

https://www.ecoccs.com/resources_links.html#fem_soft

EcoC^2S [Irucka Embry): EcoC^2S Online Resources: Free and Open Source Finite Elements (FEM) and Partial Differentiation Equation Solver Libraries & Software

2) https://water.usgs.gov/software/

United States Geological Survey (USGS): Water Resources Applications Software

3) https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/index

GNU Ocatve Scientific Programming Language

-Powerful mathematics-oriented syntax with built-in 2D/3D plotting and visualization tools

-Free software, runs on GNU/Linux, macOS, BSD, and Microsoft Windows

-Drop-in compatible with many Matlab scripts

4) https://www.scilab.org/

Scilab is a free and open source software for engineers & scientists, with a long history (first release in 1994) and a growing community (100 000 downloads every months worldwide).

5) https://julialang.org/

The Julia Programming Language

6) https://www.perl.org/

Perl is a highly capable, feature-rich programming language with over 30 years of development.

https://metacpan.org/pod/PDL

PDL - the Perl Data Language

7) https://www.sagemath.org/

SageMath is a free open-source mathematics software system licensed under the GPL. It builds on top of many existing open-source packages: NumPy, SciPy, matplotlib, Sympy, Maxima, GAP, FLINT, R and many more. Access their combined power through a common, Python-based language or directly via interfaces or wrappers.

Structural Engineering - Spacegass, AutoCAD, Revit, AutoCAD Civil 3D

Environmental engineering - Oneclick LCA, HEC-HMS

Hi Ahmed

ROSA -72 , WaterCad , SewerCad

ROSA 72 ( Reverse Osmosis System Analysis)

Regards

Prof. Abbas

Hello,

Several software programs would work to help you in this matter. However, on the top list, I would recommend (HEC-RAS) & (EPANET)

Good Luck!

Wesam

Hi everyone, I did not specifically mention R (although I had various resources related to R in my previous answer).

I recommend R (that's what I have used for several years for various tasks in civil/environmental and water resources engineering). I have created various R packages for work that I have performed in this field.

Below, I have various links for R. The CRAN link will allow you to download R and R packages. The Task Views contain a collection of R packages useful for a particular topic. The Hydrological Data and Modeling Task View may be most useful for you depending on your employment; however, there may be other task views that may be better suited for your work. Lastly, I am enclosing a link to an application textbook with R examples for folks in environmental and water resources engineering.

https://www.r-project.org/

The R Project for Statistical Computing

https://cran.r-project.org/

The Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN)

https://cran.r-project.org/web/views/

CRAN Task Views

https://cran.r-project.org/web/views/Hydrology.html

CRAN Task View: Hydrological Data and Modeling

https://edm44.github.io/hydr-watres-book/

Hydraulics and Water Resources: Examples Using R

By Ed Maurer

I would also recommend Python as well. Both Python and/or R can be used to connect to the other programming languages & vice versa that I had previously mentioned in my answer.

https://www.python.org/

Python.org

Thank you.

Irucka