1. Wide apart: The vocal folds are wide apart for normal breathing and usually during voiceless consonants like p, f, s. Your vocal folds are probably apart now..
2. Narrow glottis: If air is passed through the glottis when it is narrowed as in
, the result is a fricative sound for which the symbol is h. The sound
is not very different from a whispered vowel. It is called a voiceless glottal
fricative Practise saying ha ha ha ha - alternating between this state of the vocal folds and that described in (3) below.
3. Position for vocal fold vibration: When the edges of the vocal folds are touching each other, or nearly touching, air passing through the glottis will usually cause vibration.
4. Vocal folds tightly closed: The vocal folds can be firmly pressed together so that air cannot pass between them. When this happens in speech we call it a glottal stop or glottal plosive, for which we use the symbol ?. You can practice this by coughing gently; then practice the sequence a?a?a?a?a?a.