You have to include lineaments buffer, soil type, settlement, LuLc, NDVI, Rainfall data, the curvature of this area on the basis of your study area, Drainage density, if possible the find the existing landslide area, contour or slope, slope direction these all parameters you have to use on the basis of study area you have to choose which parameter more influence.

Landslide hazard assessment usually includes a set of activities:

- study of the landslide situation in the area of work, including the analysis of all landslide manifestations (form of manifestation, power of landslide masses, degree of their flooding, the mechanism of occurrence and development of landslide deformations, the type of landslide by mechanism) and the state of the slopes adjacent to the study area. Characteristics types of landslides (a substantial part of the drawings). Possible forms of slope destruction as a result of landslide development (nature and magnitude of destructive deformations);

- geomechanical analysis of geological structure and engineering geological conditions of the site investigations, including a review of the characteristics physico-mechanical properties of soils strata, the assessment of the structural strength of soil of each layer and determining the current pressure from the weight of overlying layers, taking into account possible technological load;

- identification (recognition) of the possible type of landslide and the degree of slope activity with an assessment of factors (according to the article). The main factors (parameters) that characterize the type of landslide and the degree of its activity are determined (according to the article);

- justification of calculation schemes based on the mechanism of occurrence (activation) and development of landslide deformations;

- stability calculations in order to identify possible causes of landslide deformations (taking into account possible changes in hydrogeological conditions, including the occurrence of ascending and descending filtration and corresponding pressures; the formation of movement of the lower part of the slope and as a result, "trimming" of its upper part; changes in soil properties as a result of waterlogging or in the process of deformation, man-made load);

- development of recommendations for effective and rational protective measures and monitoring.

Dear Badal,

To check the statistical significance of various parameters two approaches are done one is qualitative approach and quantitative approach. In qualitative, you have to compare various factors which are causing Landslide occurrence in GIS domain by generating thematic layers. In case of quantitative you have different approaches like statistical, probabilistic, fuzzy, Ann etc. In statistical you have bivariate and multivariate methods. Here comes your question. In statistical to can compute statistical significance of various parameters by comparing pixel by pixel different parameters and generating weightage for individual parameters.

Read landslide hazards zonation a state of art in india by Sarkar and Kanugu 2004 or 2005. I hope it helps you.

Hi Badal,

This paper might be helpful. See section 3.3- Selection of conditioning factors.

Performance evaluation of the GIS-based data mining techniques of best-first decision tree, random forest, and naïve Bayes tree for landslide susceptibility modeling.

Cheers

Article Performance evaluation of the GIS-based data mining techniqu...

A very complex question! I think It is worth first to establish a scale for the target area to be assessed: It is not the same approach for an individual landslide than for a large region. Then to identify what are triggering factors and contributing ones as both are causative. And so parameters and statistics should be different. For an individual landslide hazard analysis, they could be used mainly geotechnical parameters distribution (cohesion, friction, water table and so on) and triggers as earthquakes, rainfall, human activity, etc. But for regional analysis, parameters could be different: geology (the type of rock, weathering), landslide inventory, slopes, seismicity, rainfall, and others. There are many papers and books on this subject and I recommend you revise the proceedings of the International Landslide Symposiums. Good luck

Dear Mrs. Pokharel,

Take into consideration the following parameters and feature and try and assess them using a numerical classification scheme:

(1) Rock strength (rebound value measurable by means of the Schmidt hammer, (2) weathering intensity, (3) joint spacing , (4) joint orientation, (5) joint width, (6) joint infill, mineralization or open, (7) Groundwater outflow, (8) clay mineral association kaolinite group minerals < micaceous minerals

In Costa Rica, being a tropical country, they are used with permanent parameters, typical of the environment: the slope of the terrain (S), the geology (L), Soil moisture (H) and geomorphology (M) of the as independent and "passive" type.

This methodology is capable of evaluating large areas. For small areas, you can apply methods for specific areas, where more related geotechnics, slope stability and many more methodologies are applied, as indicated by other colleagues.

As landslide generating factors: maximum simic intensity (I) in the area and rainfall with return periods of 100 years (L).

Simulations can be

1st simulation = S + L + M + H

II gives simulation = IS * (S + L + M + H)

III simulation = Rains * (S + L + M + H)

Total simulation =

IV simulation = (IS * R) * (S + L + M + H)

Saludos

Geólogo

Gestor de riego y atención de Emergencias

Luis G. Salazar Mondragón Harald G. Dill Jacobo Ojeda Kaushal Gnyawali Raj Kiran Dhiman Zagir Ataev Kajal Kumar Mandal

Thank you so much, everyone. Your comments are helpful.

You have to include the statistical significance of various parameters:

1- Soil type

2- land cover, land use

3- Rainfall data

4- Digital Elevation Model

5-Slope direction, contour line

6-Geological map of the area studied

With kind regards

This might be helpful:

Article Comparing characteristics of rainfall- and earthquake-trigge...

The landslide hazard assessment requires previously the determination of the study area scale (regional, medium or large), and the type of landslide (earthflow, rockfall,…), which can be helpful to choose the most suitable and appropriate approach (qualitative, quantitative, statistical, deterministic methods,…..) for any model.

The statistical significance of these parameters can be obtained by estimating (using Analytic hierarchy process) or by calculating (using statistical methods such as; frequency ratio, weight of evidence, or other many techniques).

In my opinion, the choice of the appropriate causative factors constitutes the main step to obtain a reliable map, thus I think the landslide inventory based on field survey is necessary to identify the real factors that have caused the landslide.

📷

Aysar Jameel Abdalkadhum;

I think you have mentioned most of the crucial factors that control the Landslide.

In my view, some landslides are controlled by pore water pressure generated by rainfall. Hence some geotechnical aspects such as porosity, permeability and the stress-strain relationship must be taken into account.

Thank you, Santosh Kumar, I Recommend your view

The major parts are slope, erodability of soil and rock You can test the significance by doing anova of the factors in different places.