Traditionally, the presence of fecal coliform bacteria bacteria has been used as an "indicator" test of the presence of sewage at a surface water sampling point. However, although the laboratory set up to perform the incubation and enumeration of coliform bacteria was easy to perform for most water quality laboratories, the method is not very precise and is subject to yielding false positives. More recent methods involved DNA fingerprinting of the types of bacteria to determine the source of the host bacteria (i.e., animal or human). However, the methods are currently much too expensive and difficult for typical commercial and public health laboratories to carry out.
That means working on this problem , specially for the developing world would be a good idea, wouldn't it?
But, as far as I understand, the regulations recommends discharge of sewage water into water bodies only after treatment, also there are recommendations on precautions to avoid the chances of leakage of sewerage into drinking water. So, unless there is casualness in design or execution, there is no chance for drinking water getting contaminated by sewerage water
In the Indian context, what you mentioned exists and hence the effort. An existing system will require maintenance and in its absence, there is bound to be contamination.
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