There are several key factors that can affect crop growth and yield.

Climate: Temperature, precipitation, and sunlight are all critical factors that influence crop growth and yield. Different crops require different temperature ranges, amount of water, and sunlight exposure to grow optimally.

Soil fertility: Soil fertility is essential for crop growth and yield. Nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are critical for crop growth and need to be present in sufficient quantities in the soil.

Pest and disease control: Pests and diseases can significantly reduce crop yield if not controlled effectively. Appropriate pest and disease management practices are essential to maintain crop health.

Irrigation: Adequate and appropriate irrigation is essential for crop growth and yield. Too much or too little water can cause stress to crops, leading to reduced yields.

Genetics: The genetic makeup of a crop variety can significantly impact its growth and yield potential. Selecting the appropriate crop variety for a particular location can maximize yield potential.

Management practices: Proper management practices, such as crop rotation, tillage, and weed control, can significantly impact crop growth and yield. Good management practices can enhance soil fertility and reduce pest and disease pressure

There are several key factors that affect crop growth and yield, including:

There are various operational factors that impact the quality of yield and may result in wastage and loss during the pre-harvesting phase. Apart from soil properties, climate, and disease, factors such as the availability of workers and agricultural practices also play a crucial role. In a recently published article, we analyzed these factors and their impact on citrus fruits.

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Understanding and managing these factors is critical for optimizing crop growth and yield and ensuring a stable food supply for the world's growing population.