In order to represent our observations or sight of a physical process and to further investigate it by conducting experiments or Numerically models? What are basics one need to focus ? Technically, how one should think? First, thing is understanding, you should be there! If we are modeling a flow we have to be the flow, if representing a let's say a ball, you have to be the ball! To better understand it! What are others?
The main requirement first and foremost is the physically insightful visualization of the things you want to see with your inner eyes
Both are important and complement each other. We should usually rely on different resources of information not only one.
The answer would be very broad, and it differs from case to case. By the way, the following book is worth reading:
Design and Analysis of Experiments Angela Dean
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