There are several theories and models that attempt to explain political recruitment, including:
1. Elite Recruitment Model - This model suggests that political recruitment is dominated by a small group of elites who seek to perpetuate their own power and influence.
2. Circulation Model - This model posits that political recruitment is driven by a need for new ideas and leadership in political systems, where incumbents are replaced periodically to allow for a fresh perspective.
3. Functional Theory - This theory proposes that those recruited into political office possess specific skills, knowledge, or expertise that are needed for effective governance. As such, recruitment is based on meritocratic considerations.
4. Sociological Model - This model suggests that political recruitment is driven by the social backgrounds and networks of individuals. Connections with particular social groups, ethnic or religious communities, or political organizations can significantly influence the recruitment process.
5. Behavioral-style Model - This theory suggests that political recruitment is based on the behavioral characteristics of individuals, including traits such as communication skills, charisma, and perceived leadership ability.
6. Party-based Model - This model contends that political parties are the primary drivers of political recruitment, with strong ties existing between party organizations and political leaders.
7. Institutional Recruitment - This is a model that emphasizes the role of formal institutions, such as universities or political think tanks, as a source of political recruitment. Those with specific academic or professional qualifications or leadership experience may be targeted for recruitment.
Understanding these different theories and models can provide insights into the complex nature of political recruitment and help us to comprehend how political leaders are identified and chosen.
The different theories and models in political employment, which have been associated with many scientific researches, can be summarized in a set of research-related models, namely: 1- Individual behavior model 2- Party based model 3- Political recruitment form 4- The social model 5- Elite Recruitment Form 6- Trading model 7- Functional theory