Reviews, books to control morphology of the final product, including porosity, shape size etc may be referred.
Dear Jagpreet, fundamentally the technique followed for immobilization would determine the morphology of the immobilized system. For example, if the purpose is to immobilized whole cell, it can be either a spherical bead ( alginate) or irregular beads. if the enzyme is used, it can be on spherical beads or flat sheets or irregular aggregate. Typically the design of immobilization considers the end application parameters, like column mode, reactor more, filtrability etc., and the morphology is decided. the most stable or widely followed form of immobilization is spherical beads. spherical beads can be made typically by suspension polymerization techniques where in by the force of gravity and the drop let behavior, the monomer droplets form into spherical beads. The pore architecture can also be controlled by variety of techniques and by and large most commercial enzymes come in spherical beads. there are other modes also which depends highly on the pay load factor ( more enzyme per unit space).
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