Hello Binoy, the most significant application of thermodynamics in Biotechnology revolves around specific ATP (energy) consumption rate which is an important parameter for modeling energy demands for cell growth. This is the major trade-off between metabolite biosynthesis and biomass yield. Thermodynamics in biotechnology also discusses Gibbs energy dissipation limits, mass balance and equilibrium constraints. Please see: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20184925 . Activation enthalpy and entropy of say ethanol production and its inactivation are often determined to get an insight of kinetics of the whole system and to clarify the phenomena involved in both ethanol production and its thermal inactivation, as reported for alcohol and xylitol production reactions. Article Kinetics and thermodynamics of ethanol production by a therm...

Иерархическая термодинамика применяется для объяснения всех эволюционных превращений. Посмотрите, например, Article On General Physical Principles of Biological Evolution

An important aspect of biology/biotechnology is the structure and function of proteins. Thermodynamics is paramount in the study of protein structure, which is critical for the function of nearly all metabolic processes. Many examples involve the structure-function relationships of disease-causing mutations. A simplistic approach involves the denaturation of wild-type and mutant proteins to characterize and compare their thermodynamic stabilities. It's also frequently important to characterize the thermodynamic stability of proteins intentionally modified for a biotechnological process to best assure their proper function. Examples include point mutations or extensions for probes, labels, and other functional groups.

I sugest Belousoff Zhabotisky reaction

To: Maurice Ekpenyong

Dear Dr. Ekpenyong,

I agree with you. However, in these studies there are many ambiguities and misunderstandings. Look here please:

Gladyshev G. P. ON THE THERMODYNAMICS OF A HIGH-ENERGY PHOSPHATE POOL IN BIOCHEMISTRY , Norwegian Journal of development of the International Science No 18/2018, VOL. 2, pp. 18-21 http://www.njd-iscience.com/archive/ http://www.njd-iscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/NJD_18_2.pdf

Abstract

Attention is drawn to the existing disagreements concerning terminology and concepts about high-energy compounds in life sciences. These disagreements make it difficult to understand the mechanism of metabolism and the transform of energy in living nature and lead to a number of misconceptions. It is recommended to distinguish the conception of "high-energy compound according to Lipmann" from the analogous conception of "high-energy compound", which has the opposite sense and is used in classical and hierarchical thermodynamics.

Dear Ali,

This is a good recommendation! I would additionally recommend works in the field of hierarchical thermodynamics and life.

Sincerely,

Georgi

P. S. I would recommend that interested colleagues look further:

1. On General Physical Principles of Biological Evolution https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314187646_On_General_Physical_Principles_of_Biological_Evolution

2. Hierarchical Thermodynamics: Foundation of Extended Darwinismhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/314082150_Hierarchical_Thermodynamics_Foundation_of_Extended_Darwinism

3. Life - A Complex Spontaneous Process Takes Place against the Background of Non-Spontaneous Processes Initiated by the Environment

https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/life--a-complex-spontaneous-process-takes-place-against-the-background-of-nonspontaneous-processes-initiated-by-the-environment-2157-7544-1000188.pdf

And

http://www.eoht.info/page/Aging

“The nutritive molecules influence on conformation of DNA and RNA and their supramolecular fragments. As a result of the action of such substances, dormant ancient genes, accumulated during the evolution of living beings, may be activated. It can lead to display (expression) fragments of DNA (RNA), responsible for hereditary diseases (atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer and so on) as well as to lead to occurrence concerning the positive effects assisting a survival in a changing environment (inhabitancy). Concepts about (concerning) nutritive molecules apply to all living world including plants and so on”

Thank you.

Sincerely,

Georgi Gladyshev

There are a lot of nice specific applications in very different topics in Biotechnology. In addition to previous comments, I will address you to the books and papers by R.A. Alberty. In these papers there are many examples of thermodynamical formulation at constant pH (or constant pMg,...) with applications to chemical equilibria of biochemical reactions. I have used them with my students of of Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules during their last semester in Biotechnologyy and results were really great!

In addition to Santiago's comment I should like to add that the energetics of biochemical reactions is an interesting topic; it involves the enthalpies of Gibbs energies of reactions as well as complete metabolisms.

Hello Binoy;

Here are a couple of examples from the perspective of an ecologist

1. The function of brown fat in thermoregulation in mammals.

2. The shape of food pyramids. The biomass of producers exceeds that of primary consumers exceeds that of secondary consumers, etc.

These examples should indicate the path to any number of others.

Best regards, Jim Des Lauriers