It is a bit unclear what exactly it is you're interested in learning. Is it the development (ecophysiologically), development of species (evolutionary) or the distribution of species (biogeographically)?

Generally, water availability and nutrient acquisition will be key for trees in these regions. Therefore, factors such as latitude, altitude, incline, soil substrate, soil nutrients, pH and precipitation are all relevant factors. Temperature and solar radiation will of course be important as well, but these variations are expected to be included in the latitude and altitude aspect.

Hello, this article could help you.

Article Environmental variables drive plant species composition and ...

greeting,

Meriele

Remembering my Dendrology book, it went into the individual generas and their species mentioned, discussing the natural ranges where they are found. It perhaps did not go into enough detail you are seeking, but helpful. Most mapping of soil types discuss common species present, and the soil types are stratified by slope, soil physical and chemical factor, listing of common to dominant species, etc. Some species have serotinous cones that require fire. Wildfire may limit other species. Some do well at high elevations with snow and ice, others are limited or damaged by these. Some species are adapted to wetlands as pond pine or Oglethorpe pine, many others not. Some can withstand flooding, others not. A good dendrology book would discuss some of these specifics, or go species by species on the internet. Some of the Silvics and Silviculture texts may also include some discussion on species habitat and range. In the US, there is a Forest inventory (I think the acronym is FIA) about every decade that inventories and extimates extent of forest types and perhaps species that might be helpful, and some countries may be doing similar. Some forest operations use mechanical means to plant and favor certain species, or help the species adapt to normally unacceptable conditions such as the bedding of soils in wetlands, periodic use of prescribed fire, or spraying of herbicides to limit competition. Foresters have also learned some lessons as planting slash pine too far north eventually results in severe ice damage.

The article recommended by Mariele Rebolledo Contreras provides a good answer. Climate, land forms that create micro-climate, elevation, substrate/soil, bedrock, microtopography that regulates surface runoff and affects moisture/water, seed, and organic matter retention.

I would add: aspect (e.g. north facing vs. south facing) particularly in mountainous terrain

Soil,water,air and landforms

Varias personas han mencionado distintos factores muy importantes entre las múltioles variables; no obstante ninguno ha mencionado tal vez el más importante que es el que en realidad limita, propicia o permite determinados rangos de distribución y adaptación de especies botánicas en diferentes ecosistemas; es el fototropismo, pues el número de horas luz disponibles para una planta es clavr para su presencia exitosa en determinado lugar

Soil, light, water, temperature, landforms, air and other environmental factors

Hi

Here are some variables

1. Latitude, longitude

2. Minimum and maximum precipitation

3. Minimum and maximum anual temperature

4. Slope degree

5. Aspect

6. Hillshade

7. Drainage

Temperature, latitude ,rainfall pattern, anthropogenic activities

Climate,rainfall and temperature

Température

Oxygène

Section mouillée

Matiere organique

Salinité

water: types of water body, pH, humidity, flow speed;

saltlick

soil contents: physical texture, chemical contains, pH;

light: intensity, duration

air: temperature, wind, humidity, rainfall

pollutant;

- la disponibilité de l'eau;

- le relief;

- les différentes propriétés du sol (qui vont conditionner la végétation);

- la pluviosité;

- la température

- on peut parler de la succession de saisons au cours de l'année;

Try this and related publications https://www.doc.govt.nz/documents/science-and-technical/sfc325entire.pdf