Geothermal waters in large sedimentary basins are being used for space heating and other purposes globally. It is neccessary to streamline the various factors that may contribute to the formation of heat accumulation structures (traps).
Heat traps in sedimentary basins are many and they include thick and impervious clayey and shaly sediments, groundwater saturation in shallow aquifers, etc. Groundwater, because of their comparatively high heat capacities relative to adjoining areas, usually trap and store heat which is released when temperature of the adjoining areas goes down. Argillites, on the other hand, are generally impervious hence, any heat that enters them are trapped and stored.
I agree with Dr. Akpan with low permeability sediments with low thermal onductivity. Is the area overpressured? The increased porosity may also cause lower thermal. conductivity and also gas-filled pores.
Thanks, Tomas and Anthony, for the answers. I found that Karstified carbonates are excellent heat trapps when covered (sealed) by loose sediments with lower thermal conductivty. This is enhanced if the sedimentary cover is a coal which has the lowerest thermal conductivity.
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