Dear colleagues,

I am Jakhongir F. Alidjanov, urologist from Uzbekistan, working on Research Project at the Justus-Liebig University of Giessen.

The main aim of the project is to investigate changes in metabolomic profile of the urine due to causative pathogens of urinary tract infections. Since being clinician, I am not so familiar with advanced microbiology. Therefore I would really appreciate if you could help me to clarify some advanced issues.

What pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E, faecalis, K. pneumoniae, S. saprophiticus etc.) do usually use as a nutrient source for living and multiplication in the urine? Below, I am posting some metabolites present in the urine which in my humble opinion could be appropriate to be investigated.

1. 1.3-propanediol (K. pneumoniae);

2. 4-Pyridoxic acid;

3. 6-hydroxylnicotinic acid (P. aeruginosa);

4. Acetate (highest in presence of Gram+);

5. Androsterone (may be reduced in stress urinary incontinence);

6. Citrate;

7. Creatinine;

8. Ethanol;

9. Formate (highest in presence of Gram-);

10. Glucose;

11. Glycerol (K. pneumoniae);

12. Glycolic acid;

13. Hippurate (highest in presence of Gram-);

14. Indoxyl sulphate (may be converted by uropathogens into indirubin and indigo – “purple bag syndrome”);

15. Lactate (highest in presence of Gram+);

16. L-alanine;

17. L-cysteine;

18. L-fucose (may have an influence to virulence of some E. coli strains producing verotoxin);

19. L-glutamine;

20. L-histidine;

21. L-lysine;

22. L-serine;

23. L-theronine;

24. L-tyrosine;

25. Mandelic acid (antibacterial properties);

26. Methanol;

27. N-acetylneuraminic acid (found in cell membranes, may make a sense in diagnosing intracellular E. coli?);

28. Nicotinic acid (P. aeruginosa);

29. Nitrite;

30. Succinate (highest in presence of Gram-);

31. Taurine;

32. Trimethylamine (E. coli);

33. Trimethylamine N-oxide (E. coli);

34. Urea (highest in presence of Gram-);

35. α-Aminoadipic acid;

Could you please look on them and give your suggestions regarding this issue? What else should we investigate?

Thank you all in advance for your responses.

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