True! Though I mentioned some positive cosequences of rising temperautur in the mountain region of Nepal, there are many negative consequences as well. For exmaple, glacier melting and flood, increased prevalence of vector and water borne diseases, increased insect pest in agriculture, and early floewring in plants are recorded. Lets talk abot the United States. One of our papers is in press, which clearly shows that wheat yield in more warmer regions such as North Central Texas decreased. In contrast, more cooler regions such as Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota showed significant increases since 1990s. Regions where yield is increaseing also shows the increasing temperature during hte same period. Some other factors also influence crop yield, but the role of climatic factors can not be ignored. And, more importantly, there are some pros does not mean that there are no cons.

This is a very good question and I think the answer is in yes.

Dear Sadiq: Definitively yes!!! Seeing the crisis as an opportunity, the climatic change impels us urgently, to direct our attention in generating species adpted to the new climatic conditions, with less to no fresh water, affectd by new pests, etc. It will be necessary to cultivate in extreme salt conditions. It dramatically leads us to generate varieties adapted to this new climate environment to meet the nutritional and volumen needs to feed and increasingly large population. It will be necessary that the countries that produce them be more generous with the crops to feed the new generations all over the planet.

I have seen also the negative impacts of climate change. But, we are expected to play a key role to shift this challenge as an opportunity. For this we need to be more alert in adapting the challenge with different technologies. While fighting for this, our world will might have noble technologies than ever seen before. Challenge some times lets you work harder there by exposes you see new situations

Farmers in Nepal can grow many vegetable crops at upper mountain region these years, whcih was not possible before ! People believe that it is because of the rising temperature. I am not sure if we can call it as "climate change".

Thank you Sushil Thapa for information. It will be a pleasure, if you share a research paper or two.

Regards

I think if farmer change their farming patterns, there may be emerged some positive impacts.

I don’t think so. But to give one example for your question, for instance, perspectives previously explain that the erratic rainfall that occurs for a short duration can fairly to regenerate rangeland grasses than major field crops grown for human consumption. In turn, this can sustain livestock production in faces of change and variability of climate change. But our long-term biomass feed availability risk analysis for livestock showed that feed availability was rapidly declining in recent past years of drought years, which were significant for ten different years with overall significance (n=34, Z=-2.61, SE=2.87, p=0.01). A similar effect was also observed due to wet stress in the same study. In overall temporarily, lowland food production more favored than the highland one in some humid and sub-humid regions.

I agree with Sushil, Ximena, Beemnet and Asrat On the one hand it mmay be there are some positive effects in detail, e.g. it will be possible to grow cereals in more northern located countries. However this example means also that is not possible to grow it in the southern countries, where these crops were grown now. And, to follow this example with the new crops in the northern countries the plant pest belonging to them will also come. You can’t get only the pros, you will also get the cons. On the other hand: Whatever will be, the crisis caused by Climate change will generate new possibilities, technological and scientific developments, still unknown evolutions. Perhaps the result will be another way of life as we currently know. But other does not have to mean worse.

True! Though I mentioned some positive cosequences of rising temperautur in the mountain region of Nepal, there are many negative consequences as well. For exmaple, glacier melting and flood, increased prevalence of vector and water borne diseases, increased insect pest in agriculture, and early floewring in plants are recorded. Lets talk abot the United States. One of our papers is in press, which clearly shows that wheat yield in more warmer regions such as North Central Texas decreased. In contrast, more cooler regions such as Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota showed significant increases since 1990s. Regions where yield is increaseing also shows the increasing temperature during hte same period. Some other factors also influence crop yield, but the role of climatic factors can not be ignored. And, more importantly, there are some pros does not mean that there are no cons.

That’s right, Sushil!To answer the main question you have to consider some further questions: Where are you living, for instance on the Maldives or in Northern Europe? However, reminder Climate change is a global process… Which methods for adaptation mankind will develop? Or is able to develop? Will it possible to stop Climate Change at a certain level? I think there are many of other relevant questions if you contemplate. All the answers will act in a complex way and there are lots of interactions.

I got very good response from different honorable experts in the field of environment. I am very thankful of all the contributors. Being as a student of environmental sciences I know about the negative impacts of climate change to some extent.

I was interested to know about studies, if any, on the positive impacts of climate change. It is not possible that this mega change will bring negative impacts only. This is why I have floated this question. Another Objective attached with this question is/was, to think about studies/ research that will highlight it's positive aspects also.

Dear Nafees, now I know what you are looking for. There are some studies, that some plant pests or diseases will loss there importance or the damage caused by them will be reduced as a consequence of climate change in general or special effects of cc like extreme weather events. Many literature sources are reviewed in theses papers (You can find all reviews with the whole literature here in Researchgate, please follow the links or ask me for private copy, if you want) Seidel, P. (2017): Extreme weather events and their effects on plant pests infecting potato, sugar beet, rape and grassland. Journal für Kulturpflanzen 69(4): 125-136. Seidel, P. (2017): Climate change as a new challenge for plant and pest modeling – a critical review Gesunde Pflanzen 69(1): 1-14. Seidel, P. (2016): Impacts of extreme weather events on pests, damage caused by pests and plant protection measures - first evidence. Journal für Kulturpflanzen 68(9): 253-269. Seidel, P. (2016): Extreme weather events and their effects on plant pests infesting wheat, barley and maize. Journal für Kulturpflanzen 68(11): 313-327. Important: However it is difficult to predict these effects. There are a lot of uncertainties. Research is urgently needed!!! Seidel, P. (2017): Climate change as a new challenge for plant and pest modeling – a critical review. Gesunde Pflanzen 69(1): 1-14.

Very good Petra! Thanks for your time and critical thiniking about climate change issues !!

Basically geography of any region also depends. If the soil quality is rich in productive nutrients,a little amount of rain water is sufficient, because the air does not penetrate in such type of soil soon and the rate of evaporation is also slow and thus crops etc consumes it well, which give us better yield. Whereas sandy soil requires more water and due to rapid evaporation it dries up soon. Which is not good for some crops or other production. Moreover not only the good soil but some seeds, trees and plants grow better even in sand, due to their storage capacity in their seeds, leaves and roots. Like (Peanut) produce good Yield to us in dry/hot humid areas.(this may be called their adaptation/response to the climate due to the store ingredients inside their seeds ) it extract humidity from atmospheric air and water in land/soil.in this way it helps in good ascent of sap. Abiotic factors like surface area of the Plant leaves of any crop may also play a vital role in absorbing sunlight/Heat and the very basic Phenomena “Photo synthesis “takes place which helps in growth & production of the seeds/food. Those plants, crops or any other food production biota/flora which cannot grow without proper availability of ground or rain water, air & sun light/heat also cannot give us better production except few. This may be different in different regions, depends upon the latitude and altitude of the globe. More greenery---->more rain, more rain --->good production, Good Production------>good Economy, Good Economy----->Prosperity, and Prosperity is climax and development of the area. But one thing is that Heavy rain can turn /Change the soil and sand a like. Example flood. While less rain means draught.

Tariq Jan

Alumni University of Peshawar

Dear Tariq Jan, your comprehensive thoughts, your thinking in cycles is interesting and useful to answer the question. But why do you mean that the surface area of plant leaves is an abiotic factor (“Abiotic factors like surface area of the Plant leaves of any crop”)? I think that’s a biotic one. It is a biotic factor that can influence the impacts of abiotic e.g. solar radiation.

Dear all, here are some thoughts/examples for positive effects of abiotic stresses on food production in a broader sense:

Some abiotic stresses as drought can include changes in allocation of carbon into C-rich compounds such as succinate, and production of many classes of secondary metabolites. These compounds may have biological activity and some may suppress growth of pathogens. Besides, exposure to low-levels of stress may elicit hormesis-type effects within plant. The key aspect is high interconnectivity among these pathways. Outcome effects are highly depending on the plant species and its wider physiological state (nutrition, ontogeny). As abiotic stresses and disease may occur simultaneously, and plant responses can shift towards the most recent stress applied, the assessment of plant physiological responses to combined stressors must be considered.

Northern regions (Canada, Russia) may have some benefits from warmer climate, but, generally unpredictable events in weather can ruin all the advantages.

Any deep changes in climate will demand huge joint efforts for creation of new plant cultivars, new technologies for agriculture, new pest/pathogens control tools, new transport routes, so in short-term, it will be no benefits for economics.

Some parts of New Zealand's South Island had consecutive five days of 5 C above average summer temperatures this summer. This is becoming a trend and in a few decades countries will have to either change the demography of crop species or breed crops to meet the environmental challenges. While these changes may be bearable for colder countries in the 'short term', for tropical countries already suffering from droughts, high temperatures etc., even a degree of average temperature increase will have larger consequences I guess. Higher night temperatures will seriously affect crop productivity overall.

Dear all,

Here is a good article to read... "Could Climate Change Really Help Farmers?" (2017 Aug.) Link: https://www.sciencefriday.com/articles/could-climate-change-really-help-farmers-pc/

Climate Change is due to greenhouse effect, greenhouse effect is due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emmision, which we all know CO2 is one of the major players. In the article, the two sides are arquring that: "The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)’s 2014 report does say that increased atmospheric CO2 has 'virtually certainly enhanced [crop] water use efficiency and yields.'"

Could the increase CO2 increase crop yields and benifit farmers? Read on....(the article).

these links are useful

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/.../climate-change-affect-food-production

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/.../S100200710900281...

regards

If there is increase in temperature without corresponding reduction in available moisture, plants will likely benefit from climate change.

Read more on this

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/9/094012/meta

I would like to know about a region(s) of the world enjoying positive impacts of climate change. If there is some one on ResearchGate having such good experience, it will be more good to listen from that person.

involving with some climate severity in my country this year, I found that there has been some special agricultural product yielding more rather to last year.

Longer vegetation period (frost-free, av.temperature >10oC) is the most obvious benefit for agriculture at vast Russian North. Dryer climate causes better accumulation of nutrients & organic matter in soil ( they are washed down normally). Yields are getting higher with proper choice of cultivars and technology. But, virus and bacterial diseases have benefits as well. It is interesting that pests have additional generations during the longer and warmer summers, but parasitic insects keep pest populations on lower level when before. Nearly every larvae is infected.

The ability of both crops and pests and pathogens to have more cycles of reproduction in a world that is warming can have diverse effects. In addition the ability to restart at a low initial pest or contagion is reduced when lessened winter kill by freezing period becomes less conclusive. In addition the drying and warming of high latitude soil environments could lead to significant decreases in soil organic matter. The net results of these as Alex Ignatov seem to suggest is greater productivity and more cropping variability. Since pests and pathogens could play increasing roles defensive tactics and practices will become more important. While warm crop agriculture would be favored cool crop agriculture could suffer. While warming can increase precipitation it also increases evaporation and under warmer conditions peak storm events tend to be more severe. Many agricultural areas are surrounding rivers fed by snow packs as these packs are threatened the ability to water these areas may be compromised. In game of global warming there will be likely winners as well as losers.

I agree to Paul Reed, agriculture must be more diverse and sophisticated to be successful under global warming conditions.

Alex Ignatov Has noted that agriculture could be stimulated in high latitude and altitude areas where growing seasons are short. Prolonged growing seasons can increase yield and give potential for multiple cropping. As soil temperatures increase the ability to no till is expanded which is often curtailed under low soil temperatures. In addition the increased greenhouse gas can stimulate plant photosynthesis. There will be winners and losers in the climate change we are experiencing presently. Some areas such as areas in Greenland Iceland will be uncovered by the receding ice masses and other areas at coastlines and islands with little elevation will be lost. As receding glaciers give more growing season the loss of glaciers and snow can impede present day irrigation source and river land important for rice production presently. Overall it may be more challenging to grow cool season crops of importance. What we can count on is in the foreseeable future the need for ourselves our animals and crops will need to be responsive to more variable environmental conditions.

You are right Paul, “There will be winners and losers in the climate change we are experiencing presently.” May be, there are some positive effects in detail, e.g. it will be possible to grow cereals in more northern located countries. But we don’t know exactly if it will be like that. We don’t know exactly who the winner and loser really is. Let’s take a look at this year: we had big problems with drought and heat here in Germany, especially in North- and East Germany. High temperatures in May and June (flowering time of wheat and kernel forming) after a warm April caused yield losses of cereals of 30 to 70 per cent. Besides this we have a drought here since 6 months. Also in well watered pot experiments at the naturally prevailing high temperatures in these critical development stages of wheat yields were diminished by reduced weight of grains by 30%. All cereals, potatoes and vegetables were affected by the yield loss caused by high temperatures and /or drought this year in North and East Germany. However, some economic analyzes and extrapolations also ranked Germany among the winners of climate change…The only certainty is that climate change is a global problem. Humanity will be loser or winner. The earth will continue to exist in some form, even without humanity. You can’t get only the pros, you will also get the cons. On the other hand: Whatever will be, the crisis caused by Climate change will generate new possibilities, technological and scientific developments, still unknown evolutions. Perhaps the result will be another way of life as we currently know. But other does not have to mean worse.

An interesting new publication in context to the impressions concerning yields in East- and North Germany this year my in my last answer and this general discussion:

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2018) 9:4249 | DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06525-2 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications

Respected Dr. Petra Seidel, I clicked on the link. There are somany topics, but couldn't came across any topic on climate change.

Regards.

Sorry, I try it again. I got this article today via RG, have a look at the appendix please: