Is this a normal result for an electrode as a supercapacitor? That the capacity retention after 5000 cycles reaches 500% of its initial value. Is this because the electrode material improves with the number of cycles?
No, electrode material will not improve with number of cycle, it will looses its efficiency. And the increase in efficiency is due to deration of electrode if the applied potential window is not correct and that will cause the increased discharge time and the increased efficiency.
There may be several reasons e.g. electrode materials activation due to several redox process until completion of electrode saturation with electrolyte, one another reason may be formation of new electroactive species during continuous charging and discharging. It may be observed CV profile variation, or GCD potential profile shifting. One basic reason may be incomplete saturation with electrolyte before testing.
At first it started increasing but after 4000 cycles it started decreasing gradually, but I didn't have the time to check more than 5000 cycles. It started with a discharge rate of 3 seconds and reached a discharge rate of 16 seconds after 5000 cycles at the same applied potential.
In the EIS test, the charge transfer resistance was very large before the test compared to after 5000 cycles. Does this result of stability affect the publication of the research? Or should we consider that the material was not completely active in the first 1000 cycles and start after 1000 cycles?
Of course, material will take time to absorb the electrolyte and to contribute actively with the channelized path with ions transportation and ion to charge conversion at the electrode-electrolyte interface.