I am working in a big project to map oil and gas NORM worldwide.
I need a big amount of values of the same oil field or platform
You ask a really difficult question. My experience (from the same operator in the same play) shows that NORM levels vary widely (depending on the well). In the Permian Basin (West Texas, US) I've seen between < 50 pCi/g to > 6,000 pCi/g; the NORM content depended on which section/stage of the well was in flowback. If you get any information on NORM activity I would love to see it!
Article Distribution of scales containing NORM in different oilfield equipment
Dear Sir. Gy is the unit of the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation in the International System of Units (SI). The absorbed dose is equal to one grit, if as a result of the absorption of ionizing radiation the substance received one joule of energy per one kilogram of mass. Through other SI units, gray is expressed as follows: Gy = J / kg = m² / s². Sievert (designation: Sv, Sv) - SI unit of effective and equivalent doses of ionizing radiation (used since 1979). 1 sievert is the amount of energy absorbed by a kilogram of biological tissue, equal to the effect of the absorbed dose of 1 Gy.
Hi,
i'm agree with other collegues, the dose rate depending on the scenario and conditions about pathway expositon of worker and people.
You could start with document on the web, IAEA, UNSCEAR and other:
https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1171_web.pdf
https://www-ns.iaea.org/tech-areas/communication-networks/orpnet/documents/2.3.BSS-occup-norm-WEB.pdf
https://www-ns.iaea.org/tech-areas/communication-networks/orpnet/documents/norm/18-10-11.50%20a%2012.05%20Lucia%20Neder.pdf
https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/TE-1712_web.pdf
https://www.epa.ie/pubs/reports/radiation/RPII_NORM_Report_08.pdf
I hope these documents will be hepl for you
Best Regards
Mattia
I agree with other colleagues, The Gy is the unit of the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation
I think the geological set up of the areas under study should seriously be considered while carrying out the investigations.
Dear collegues
I am not talking about radiological protection.
I need data about gamma spectrometry analyzes in TENORM of oil and gas industry to compare these levels around the world
Greetings Gilberto,
The following article has results of findings in the oil and gas industry:
Article Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Mat...
The NORM study in the oil industry is starting in Venezuela. We have worked on the chemistry and radiochemistry of oil production waters and scales, emphasizing the exhaustive study of their chemical properties. Our ideal is to build a NORM map in the oil industry, in which the geological, chemical and radiological characteristics are present; This topic is extensive and interesting.
In addition, a study that contains analytical interest of the waters, is of great help to visualize the behaviors of the radiometric analysis. Unfortunately, analytical quality analysis in oil production waters is not a simple job. And radioactivity analysis in water is costly from the operational point of view due to the volume of water to carry out radiochemistry.
Best regards.
Ender Araujo
Hello Ender,
I am working in a similar project. First of all, here in Brazil. After, extend to worldwide.
Maybe we could work together in a near future.
It might be useful using preconcentration techniques for the radioisotopes such as extraction chromatography , ion exchange and membranes paving for reusing of the oil wster .
Excellent! We could exchange information there are some ideas that we have worked on, and it would be very helpful to share and discuss them. I think we have advanced in water chemistry and radiochemistry. Regards, Ender
Dear Moayyed,
For radioisotope preconcentration techniques I have read about ion exchange, but I do not know techniques for extraction chromatography techniques, could you recommend me some articles?
Best regards, Ender
Dear Ender,
you could start with the AQ34 IAEA document,
https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/IAEA-AQ-34_web.pdf
In this document you have a lot of information about ion echange, selective resin and measurements techniques...but i suggest to read other documents linked at the AQ34, read the References and the appendix, a lot of information and important suggestions are present.
Normally in scinetific papares there are a lot of articoles, depending by what do you want measure and whih technique you would use...so pelase read the references in AQ34 IAEA and i'm sire you can find important paper and document in which find very important information.
Best Regards
Mattia
When you are talking NORM related to gas and oil, most likely the major isotopes will Ra-226 and Ra-228 with their progeny, and they can be determined by instrumental gamma spectrometry measuring liquids. For U and Th you can use ion exchange or extraction chromatography (go to Eichrom for general info http://www.eichrom.com/). Consider using Portable or stationary Liquid Scintillation counters. Go to ASTM for already developed methods.
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