COMSOL uses material properties to perform simulations, if they're unknown you cannot use a certain physics since you'll get an error. What you can try to do is to perform parametric sweeps on the unknown material properties and then check with experimental data if available.
I doubt that the software even allows you to run the simulation without these input parameters. Luigi's answer is very interesting! it resembles an inverse problem: you don't know the parameters, but you know the output, you try it for various parameters and try to minimize the difference between your results and actual data. It also seems like an optimization question.