When a seismic wave is propagating in a porous or fractured media that is fully or partially saturated with fluid, it provokes under certain conditions (e.g. relatively low fluid salinity ≠0) the seismoelectric effect. This phenomenon generates an electric signal propagating almost at the same seismic velocity—the measurements.
What are the limitations while using GPR or integration with ERT?
Contamination effects over GPR signal?
Prof. Ibrar Iqbal
This paper can give some insight or probably more exact references, I only noticed that they used a refraction technique and not a reflection as is well known in seismics.
I did not know before about that interesting seismoelectric effect you mention in your thread.
Article Application of GPR and seismic methods for noninvasive exami...
Best Regards.
Follow the article given below
Article Application of GPR and seismic methods for noninvasive exami...
There are many similar items between GPR and seismic.
First all, they are NDT method.
GPR does always refer to seismic survey method, such as reflection, transmission, refraction.
For the common-offset mode GPR, it is similar to single channel seismic reflection.
For common-short reflection and velocity analysis. and even the latest difrraction technology.
GPR and seismic has the same base of physical feature impedance difference.
There are many different items between GPR and seismic.
GPR work with EM waves(1MHz-10GHz, MHz and GHz level), and seismic work with Seismic waves(Hz level).
GPR receive the signal of EM, and seismic receive the signal of seismic waves.
Georadar and seismometric measurements have a different physical essence, they have in common only formally a wave process. Accordingly, the georadar records only electrical signals, and seismometers only record acoustic-seismic signals ...
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) are geophysical methods that are commonly used to investigate subsurface structures and materials. While these techniques can provide valuable information, there are some limitations and potential contamination effects that should be considered.
One limitation of GPR is that it has limited penetration depth in highly conductive or clay-rich soils. The radar signal can also be attenuated or scattered by underground obstacles or complex geological structures, leading to reduced resolution and accuracy. In addition, GPR cannot differentiate between materials with similar dielectric properties, such as sand and clay.
Integration with ERT can help to overcome some of these limitations, as ERT can provide information on the electrical resistivity of subsurface materials. However, there are also potential contamination effects that should be considered. For example, if the subsurface materials are contaminated with conductive or metallic substances, this can affect the electrical resistivity measurements and lead to inaccurate results.
In terms of contamination effects on GPR signals, if the subsurface materials contain conductive or metallic substances, these can reflect or attenuate the radar signal, leading to reduced resolution and accuracy. In addition, if there is a significant contrast in electrical properties between the subsurface materials and the surrounding medium, such as air or water, this can also affect the GPR signal.
Overall, it is important to consider the limitations and potential contamination effects when using GPR and ERT, and to carefully interpret the results in the context of the specific site conditions and geological setting.
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