it is a bit confusing to see both TLR4 agonsits and antagonists induce IL10 expression. Studies clearly say that TLR4 activation(by LPS) results in upregulation of IL10(IL10 would in turn result in M2c polarization)[1]. isn't TLR4 supposed to be an immune alerting receptor? then what is the point in activation of immunoregulatory IL10 expression on the binding of LPS?
secondly, TLR4 agonist(IRF4) also upregulates IL10 secretion[2]. TLR4 antogonists also polarize monocytes/macrophages towards M2c macrophages which express great deal of IL10.
So I am wondering whether I should use TLR4 antagonists or agonists to express more of IL10 to resolve inflammation or to polarize more of M2c macrophages in vivo. Thank you.
References links:
1.http://www.jimmunol.org/content/185/11/6599.full
2.http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2013/731023/