1. In the figure, a charge in the gas (300K) in the container makes Brownian motion,

2. Changes in charge position cause changes in spatial electric field.

3. The nearby conductor (301K) will experience induced current and temperature increase in a changing electric field.

4. Heat is transferred from 300K to 301K.

5. All charged objects have this effect.

6. Gravitational field is also a long-range interaction. It is silly for scientists to use the second law of thermodynamics to study cosmic objects.

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