I could not understand your question properly but what ever i understand is that you are willing to know about spectral range investigated in Remote Sensing which is 400-2500 nm for visible, microwave region and thermal region i.e. 3-5 micro meter and 12-14 micro meter.
satellites are at various heights ranging from 500 to 900 kelo meters for polar and 36000 km for geostationary.
There are different sensor on board on different satellites ranging from multispectral, microwave and thermal to hyperspectral. There are also satellites which only operate microwave domain. You need to specify your need like for which type of satellite or sensor you need to know. If you could explain a bit more than it might be easy to answer exclusively.