Recently, I've done gene deletion in Komagataella phaffii using the CRISPR/Cas9 system with a Zeocin selection marker, but I've encountered an issue that I hope someone can help with.

Here’s the process I’ve been following:

  • Donor DNA Preparation: I prepared a donor DNA fragment containing 1000 bp upstream and downstream of the target gene to be deleted.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 Plasmid Construction: I constructed a CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid with sgRNA targeting the gene of interest.
  • Co-electrotransformation: I co-electrotransformed 100 ng of the CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid and 1 µg of the donor DNA into K. phaffii competent cells.
  • Zeocin Selection: The transformed cells were plated on Zeocin-containing plates, and after 1-2 days, I observed colony growth.
  • Verification of Gene Deletion: I selected around 10 colonies and verified gene deletion using gel electrophoresis.
  • Plasmid Curing: To remove the CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid, I grew the verified colonies in YPD medium (without any selection marker) for at least three rounds of 12-16 hours each. After the third round, I streaked the culture onto YPD plates and incubated at 30°C for 2-3 days.
  • Final Verification: I selected single colonies from the YPD plate and streaked them onto both YPD and YPD+Zeocin (100 µg/mL) plates. If the colonies grow on YPD but not on YPD+Zeocin, it indicates that the CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid has been lost.
  • Following this protocol, in my case, I consistently find that colonies grow on both YPD and YPD+Zeocin plates, suggesting that the Cas9 plasmid is not being eliminated, even though I confirmed gene deletion by gel electrophoresis. I've also tried increasing the number of growth cycles from 3 to 5, but the issue persists, and also transformed a fresh batch of donor DNA and Cas9 plasmid into new competent cells, but the problem still there.

    I've reviewed several articles, but I haven't found direct information addressing this specific issue.

    Does anyone have experience with CRISPR/Cas9 in K. phaffii or similar systems and can suggest a strategy to effectively remove the Cas9 plasmid at the final stage? Any advice or insights would be greatly appreciated.

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